Trigeminal system Flashcards
what is the central nervous system composed of?
brain
spinal chord
what is the peripheral nervous system composed of?
spinal nerves
cranial nerves
what is an afferent nerve?
conducted towards the CNS
what is an efferent nerve?
conducted away from the CNS
where is the cell body usually located in afferent nerves?
outside the CNS
steps in the trigeminal sensory pathway from a tooth
tooth
primary afferent neurone
trigeminal ganglion
exit PNS enter CNS
trigeminal sensory nuclei
2nd order neurone -> trigemino-thalamic tract
thalamus
somatosensory cortex
what is the trigemino-thalamic tract?
group of nerves running as a bundle in the CNS
name this structure
trigeminal ganglion
name this division of CNV
ophthalmic
name this division of CNV
maxillary
name this division of CNV
mandibular
name this division of CNV
ophthalmic
name this division of CNV
maxillary
name this division of CNV
mandibular
what are the 3 divisions of the peripheral trigeminal nerve?
ophthalmic
maxillary
mandibular
name this part of the brain
pons
name this part of the brain
medulla
name this part of the brain
brainstem
name this part of the brain
cerebellum
First synapse for trigeminal nerve is where?
in the brainstem
why is the IVth ventricle used as a landmark within the brainstem
bottom of it marks where nucleus caudalis starts
the trigeminal sensory nuclear complex is divided into what 4 sections?
trigeminal main sensory nucleus
nucleus oralis
nucleus interpolaris
nucleus caudalis
name this nuclei area
trigeminal main sensory nucleus
name this nuclei area
trigeminal nucleus oralis
name this nuclei area
trigeminal nucleus interpolaris
name this nuclei area
trigeminal nucleus caudalis
nerves from the trigeminal system can enter the sensory nuclear complex. different inputs synapse at different what?
parts of the brainstem
what is the likely function of the trigeminal main sensory nuceli?
synapses for touch
what is the likely function of trigeminal nucleus caudalis
synapses for facial pain and hot/cold
(oral/dental pain)
what is the likely function of trigeminal nucleus oralis?
synapses for oral/dental pain
what is the likely function of trigeminal nucleus interpolaris
not known but assume reflexes
what is a trigeminal tractoctomy?
surgical operation that cuts spinal tract stopping nerves going into caudalis. Results in loss of facial pain and hot and cold
what is a trigeminal tractoctomy used to treat?
trigeminal neuralgia
in the peripheral trigeminal nerve motor root what do the efferent nerves do?
send signals to muscles of mastication
in the peripheral trigeminal nerve motor root what do the afferent nerves do?
from muscle spindles which tell where our limbs are e.g. contracted
from PDLMs -> PDL mechanoreceptors which tells use how much pressure is put on our teeth
in the motor root of the peripheral trigeminal nerve the cell bodies are located where?
trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus
the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus contains cell bodies for what afferents?
jaw muscle spindle afferents
mechanoreceptor afferents from PDL
how is the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus unique?
primary afferent cell bodies within the central nervous system
are there synapses in the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus?
no they synapse elsewhere in the trigeminal motor nucleus
name this structure
trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus
name this structure
trigeminal motor nucleus
the trigeminal motor nucleus is medial to what?
the main sensory nucleus
the trigeminal motor nucleus gets inputs from where?
trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus
motor cortex
the trigeminal motor nucleus sends efferents where
exit via motor root to mandibular division to supply the muscles of mastication
