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BDS2 ANATOMY > Trigeminal Nerve 1 > Flashcards

Trigeminal Nerve 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the divisions of the trigeminal nerve?

A
  • Ophthalmic Nerve (V1)
  • Maxillary Nerve (V2)
  • Mandibular Nerve (V3)
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2
Q

what is the exit point in the skull of the ophthalmic nerve?

A

superior orbital fissure

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3
Q

what is the exit point in the skull of the maxillary nerve?

A

foramen rotundum

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4
Q

what is the exit point in the skull of the mandibular division?

A

foramen ovule

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5
Q

how many bones is the hard palate composed of?

A

2 bones

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6
Q

what bones make up the hard palate?

A
  • palatine process of maxilla

- horizontal plate of palatine bone

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7
Q

name the foramen found on the hard palate:

A
  • Incisive foramen (anterior)
  • Greater palatine foramen
  • Lesser palatine foramen
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8
Q

what part of the mandible forms part of the TMJ?

A

the condylar process

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9
Q

what type of nerves control the muscles of mastication? where are these located?

A
  • special visceral efferent nerves

- from the motor nucleus in the pons

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10
Q

what are the three types of general somatic afferent nerves called(sensory) ? where are these found?

A
  • Mesencephalic (midbrain)
  • Chief sensory (pons)
  • Spinal nucleus (medulla oblongata)
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11
Q

what does the sensory mesencephalic nucleus control?

A

proprioception

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12
Q

what does the chief sensory nucleus control?

A

discriminative touch

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13
Q

what does the (sensory) spinal nucleus control?

A
  • pain & temperature for structures supplied by CNV

- general consciousness sensation for the viscera controlled by CN IX & X

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14
Q

what is the function of the trigeminal nerve?

A
  • the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve supply general somatic sensation to most of the face, head, and associated orbital, nasal and oral cavities
  • the mandibular division also contains the motor root for the muscles of mastication
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15
Q

where is the trigeminal ganglion located?

A

Meckel’s cave on the apex of the petrous temporal bone

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16
Q

what is Meckel’s cave?

A

a cave of dura mater

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17
Q

what is meant if all three CNV divisions are affected?

A

the lesion must be in the pons or at the cranial base

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18
Q

If the CNV divisions are affected as well as other nerves too such as CN III & CN IV, what does this suggest in terms of the affected site?

A

the CNV affected site is likely to be in the cavernous sinus

19
Q

what course does the ophthalmic division of CNV take?

A
  • passes anteriorly in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus
  • reaches the superior orbital fissure
20
Q

what are the main branches of the Ophthalmic Division?

A
  • frontal
  • lacrimal
  • nasociliary
21
Q

what does the frontal nerve (from the ophthalmic division) divide into? where does this correspond to on the face?

A
  • supraorbital nerve
  • supratrochlear nerve
    supplies sensation to the skin of vertex and upper eyelid/forehead
22
Q

what does the lacrimal nerve (of the ophthalmic division) innervate?

A

provides sensory innervation to:

  • lacrimal gland
  • skin of lateral upper eyelid and forehead
23
Q

what does the nasociliary nerve (of the ophthalmic division) divide into?

A
  • long ciliary nerves
  • anterior & posterior ethmoidal nerves
  • infratrochlear nerve
24
Q

where does the external nasal nerve derive from?

A

its a continuation of the anterior ethmoidal nerve

25
Q

where does the external nasal nerve innervate?

A

provides sensory innervation to the skin at the tip of the nose

26
Q

where does the infratrochlear nerve innervate?

A

provides sensory innervation to the skin at the medial angle of the aye and adjacent root of the nose

27
Q

what nerve supplies sensation to the cornea of the eye?

A

nasociliary nerve

28
Q

what is shingles at the tip of the nose suggestive of?

A

warning sign that singles will also develop on the cornea

29
Q

what is the course of the maxillary division of CNV?

A

CN V2 passes anteriorly in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus & reaches
- the pterygopalatine fossa via the foramen rotundum

30
Q

what is the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

an enclosed space (not fully enclosed) protected by bone

31
Q

where is the pterygopalatine fossa located?

A
  • lies just lateral to the upper aspect of the nasal cavity & nasopharynx
  • behind the orbit & above hard/soft palate
32
Q

where is the sphenopalatine foramen located?

A

in medial wall of pterygopalatine fossa

33
Q

what are the main branches of the Maxillary division?

A
  • zygomatic
  • infra-orbital
  • nasopalatine
  • greater & lesser palatine
  • alveolar
34
Q

where do the zygomatic and infraorbital branches enter?

A

enter into the orbit via the inferior orbital fissure

35
Q

where does the infraorbital nerve innervate?

A
  • lower eyelid
  • cheek
  • side of nose
  • upper lip
36
Q

what does the zygomatic nerve divide into?

A
  • zygomaticofacial nerve

- zygomaticotemporal nerve

37
Q

where does the nasopalatine nerve travel tO/

A

the nasal cavity via the sphenopalatine foramen

38
Q

what are the different divisions of the alveolar nerve (maxillary origin)?

A
  • posterior superior alveolar
  • middle superior alveolar
  • anterior superior alveolar
39
Q

what nerve supplies the upper central incisor, lateral incisor and canine?

A

anterior superior alveolar nerve

40
Q

what teeth does the middle superior alveolar nerve supply?

A

the premolars

41
Q

what teeth does the posterior superior alveolar nerve supply?

A

the molars

42
Q

what nerve supplies the anterior of the hard palate?

A

nasopalatine nerve

43
Q

what nerve supplies the anterior of the palate?

A

greater palatine nerve

44
Q

where does the lesser palatine nerve supply?

A

very posterior of hard palate but also:

- soft palate and uvula

BDS2 ANATOMY (3 decks)

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