Face and Palate development

Question 1

at approximately what age in utero does the development of the face occur?

Answer 1

4-8 weeks in utero

Question 2

at approximately what age in utero does the formation of the palate occur?

Answer 2

6-10 weeks in utero

Question 3

what is the earliest bone laid down in the skull & when does this occur in utero?

Answer 3

• mandible

- 6/7 weeks

Question 4

what nerve supplies structures derived from the first pharyngeal arch?

Answer 4

trigeminal nerve

Question 5

what nerve supplies structures derived from the 3rd pharyngeal arch?

Answer 5

glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 6

what cranial nerve supplies the structures derived from the second pharyngeal arch?

Answer 6

facial nerve

Question 7

what problem causes the development of a facial cleft?

Answer 7

failure of fusion of any of the swellings can result in a facial cleft

Question 8

what are the most common clefts & facial defects to occur?

Answer 8

cleft lip & palate

Question 9

what causes cleft lip?

Answer 9

failure of fusion of the maxillary prominence with the medial nasal processes

Question 10

what causes cleft palate?

Answer 10

failure of fusion of the two palatal shelves at the midline

Question 11

what cleft defect occurs more in females than males and why?

Answer 11

cleft palate, palatal shelves fuse at later date in females

Question 12

what cleft defect occurs more in males than in females?

Answer 12

cleft lip

Question 13

what environmental factors may increase the change of a cleft abnormality occurring?

Answer 13

• smoking
• alcohol intake
• viral infection
• drugs

Question 14

what problems may babies/children have due to cleft lip or cleft palate?

Answer 14

• struggle to breastfeed/feed from bottle
• more vulnerable to ear infections
• dental & speech problems

Question 15

at what age should cleft lip repairs ideally be done?

Answer 15

3-6 months

Question 16

at what age should cleft palate repairs be done?

Answer 16

6-12 months

Question 17

what adult facial features develop from the frontonasal prominence

Answer 17

• forehead

- bridge of nose

Question 18

what adult facial features drive from the medial nasal prominence?

Answer 18

• midline of nose

- philtrum upper lip

Question 19

what adult facial feature derives from the lateral nasal prominence?

Answer 19

alae of nose

Question 20

what adult facial features are derived from the maxillary prominence?

Answer 20

• cheeks

- lateral upper lip

Question 21

what adult facial features are derived from the mandibular prominence?

Answer 21

• lower lip

- jaw