Tri 2 Chapter 3

Question 1

Ad hominem

Answer 1

Switching the argument from the issue at hand to the character of the other speaker

Question 2

Ad populum

Answer 2

Bandwagon appeal, “everyone’s doing it”

Question 3

Appeal to false authority

Answer 3

When someone who has no experience to speak on an issue is cited as an authority

Question 4

Argument

Answer 4

Persuasive discourse resulting in a coherent and considered movement from claim to conclusion

Question 5

Assumption

Answer 5

Assuming something

Question 6

Bandwagon appeal

Answer 6

“Everyone’s doing it”

Question 7

Begging the question

Answer 7

Claim based on evidence or support that is in doubt

Question 8

Circular reasoning

Answer 8

When the writer repeats the claim as a way to provide evidence. “You can’t give me a C, I’m an A student!”

Question 9

Claim

Answer 9

States the arguments main idea or position. Has to be arguable

Question 10

Claim of fact

Answer 10

True/ not true

Question 11

Claim of policy

Answer 11

Proposes change

Question 12

Claim of value

Answer 12

Good / bad, right / wrong

Question 13

Classical oration

Answer 13

Five part argument used by classical rhetoricians.

• introduction
• narration
• confirmation
• refutation
• conclusion

Question 14

Narration

Answer 14

Provides factual information and background info

Question 15

Confirmation

Answer 15

Proof

Question 16

Refutation

Answer 16

Addresses counter argument

Question 17

Closed thesis

Answer 17

Statement of main idea of the argument that also previews the major points the writer intends to make

Question 18

Deduction

Answer 18

Ex.
Major premise: exercise contributes to better health

Minor premise: yoga is a type of exercise

Question 19

Either/ or

Answer 19

Speaker give two extreme options that are the only possible choices

Question 20

Faulty analogy

Answer 20

Comparing two things that aren’t comparable

Question 21

First hand evidence

Answer 21

Based on what the writer knows

Question 22

Hasty generalization

Answer 22

When the conclusion is reached because of inadequate evidence

Question 23

Induction

Answer 23

Logical process 
Ex. 
Regular exercise promotes weight loss
Exercise lowers stress levels 
Exercise improves mood and outlook
Generalization: exercise contributes to better health

Question 24

Logical fallacy

Answer 24

Potential weaknesses in an argument

Question 25

Open thesis

Answer 25

One that does not list the points

Question 26

Post hoc ergo propter hoc

Answer 26

Something doesn’t always happen because of something that happened earlier
Ex. We elected Johnson as president and look where it got us: hurricanes, floods, stock market crashes.

Question 27

Qualifier

Answer 27

Uses words like “usually” “probably” “maybe” “in most cases” and “most likely”

Question 28

Quantitative evidence

Answer 28

Includes things that can be measured

Question 29

Rebuttal

Answer 29

Gives possible objections

Question 30

Rogerian arguments

Answer 30

Based on the assumption that having a full understanding of an opposing position is essential

Question 31

Second hand evidence

Answer 31

Accessed through research

Question 32

Straw man

Answer 32

Oversimplifying

Question 33

Syllogism

Answer 33

Logical structure that uses the major premise and minor reach a necessary conclusion

Question 34

Toulmin model

Answer 34

An approach to analyzing and constructing arguments (5)

Question 35

Warrant

Answer 35

Expresses the assumption necessarily shared by the speaker and audience