Trends in HIV Treatment Flashcards
1
Q
What is the 4H club for stigma in the HIV community?
A
homosexual, heroin user, haiti, hemophiliacs
2
Q
what can increase HIV transmission risk?
A
- acute infection- first 12 weeks after contraction increases risk of transmission
- presence of other sexually transmitted STIs
- exposure to gender inequality and intimate partner violence
3
Q
what decreases the risk of HIV transmission?
A
- circumcision can lower heterosexual men’s risk by 60%
- treatment as prevention, when HIV positive people on meds maintain an undetectabl viral load
- pre-exposure prophylaxis when HIV negative people take daily med
- condoms
4
Q
- within a few or weeks after infection you have high levels of virus
- 50-70% have symptoms which generally occur within 2 to 4 weeks (fever, fatigue, rash, headache, lymphadenopathy, pharyngitis, body aches, nausea, vomiting, night sweats)
A
Acute HIV infection
5
Q
HIV screening
A
- Everyone ages 13 to 64 years at least once
- screen more often if higher risk (every 3-12 months)
- all pregnant women as soon as possible and again if high risk
- verbal consent considered part of routine health care
- screen positive for an STI, should always get an HIV test
6
Q
- FDA approved 3 different options
- partner is HIV +, exchange sex for money or other resources, recent STI, condomless anal sex
- if taken daily will reduce risk of HIV thorugh sex by > 95%
- who takes it versus who still needs it
A
PreP
7
Q
essential lab tests of PrEP candidates?
A
- HIV testing
- renal function
- hepatitis A,B, C
- STI tests- oral rectal and urine
- pregnancy test
8
Q
- post exposure prophylaxis
- medications a person can take to prevent HIV after a possible exposure
- should only started < 72hrs after exposure
- meant for emergencies, not regular use
A
PEP
9
Q
challenges to PEP
A
lost to follow up
untreated mental health disease
transportation
drug and alcohol
stigma
