Trends In Birth Rate And Family Size Flashcards
Reason 1 : postmodernism popularity
- Beck individualisation: make own decisions
- Beck risk : children are risk to economic well-being and relationships
- giddens confluent love: love is temporary
- giddens reflexivity : constantly questioning if want children or not
Factors to reason 2 : changing social attitudes in children
- child-centredness
- cost of a child
- “childless” to “child-free”
What is child-centredness ?
Attitudes towards children and childhood has changed. Family has become less childcentred and have less children
The cost of a child :
CEBR in 2013 cost of raising a child from birth was £230,000 so , 1/5 parents deli having children due to cuts in child benifits
“Childless” to “childfree”
Larger families use to be seen as desirable now smaller family improve living standards and people describe themselves as “childfree” so shows choosing lifestyle
What is reason 3
Changing role of women
Factors for changing roles of women
- sue sharpe
- Maire Ni Bhrolonain and Eva Beauyouan
- women participation in the labour force
Maire Ni Bhrolonain and Eva Beaujouan: women’s rising level of educational achievement
Women are staying longer in education and want fewer kids and start career right after eduction
What is happening to age of marriage and childbearing
Declining
Reason 1 for decline in marriage and childbearing
Changing social attitudes
Factor of changing social attitude ?
Less social pressure : more acceptable
What is reason 2 of decline in marriage and childbearing ?
Postmodernism ideas
Factors for postmodernism ideas for decline in marriage and childbearing ?
- giddens: confluent love and reflexivity
- beck: individualisation and risk
Reason 3 for decline in marriage and childbearing?
Changing role of women
Factors for changing role of women in decline of marriage and childbearing
- sue sharpe
- Maire Ni Bhrolohain and Eva Beaujoun women rising level in educational achievement
- women participation in labour force
Reasons for ageing population
Reason 1: improved healthcare
Reason 2: changing social attitudes to children
Reason 3: children as economic burden
Reason 1 for ageing population?
Improved healthcare
Factors under reason 1 : improved healthcare for ageing population.
Medical advancement and healthcare awareness campaign
What is medical advancements ?
- introduction to NHS means that everyone has access to healthcare and Everyone can afford
- elderly likely to survive than die due to control of infectious disease
- technology, vaccine and surgery techniques
What is healthcare awareness campaign
Number of campaigns to raise awareness on health threatening behaviours to change lifestyle e.g five a day campaign
Reason 2 : changing social attitudes to child for ageing population
-“childless” to “child free” = smaller families improve living standards
- childenteredness= more childcentered and focus on well being of children , large families have reduce economic attractiveness
Reason 3 : children as economic burdens for age population ?
- children moving economic asset to economic burden : w/c use to see children as economic asset to work but now financial burden and financially depend on parents due to long school leaving age
- cost of child
