Trends and Issues

Question 1

Notable birthing trends
1970s
Late 1980s to early 1990s
1991
1996
2012

Answer 1

1970s- Fetal monitoring
Late 80s- early 90s- Lactation consultants
1991- Baby friendly hospital initiative to support breastfeeding
1996- Back to sleep campaign
2012-safe to sleep campaign

Question 2

Reasons for a decline in birthrates

Answer 2

Cost-effective contraception
Careers or choice to remain child free
Legalization and elective abortion
Rising cost of raising children

Question 3

Normal birth weight

Answer 3

2500-3999

Question 4

Low birth weight
Very low birth weight

Answer 4

Less than 2500
Less than 1500

Question 5

High birth weight

Answer 5

greater than 4000

Question 6

Reasons for a decreased mortality rate

Answer 6

Increased knowledge and care of neonates
Improved prenatal care
Increased infant sleep safety education

Question 7

Maternal death

Answer 7

During pregnancy or 42 days after termination.
Excludes accidents or injuries

Question 8

Direct obstetric death

Answer 8

Complications during pregnancy, labor, death or postpartum
eg postpartum hemorrhage

Question 9

Indirect obstetric death

Answer 9

Pre-existing conditions but bot aggravated by pregnancy

Question 10

Late maternal death

Answer 10

More than 42 days after pregnancy
Direct or indirect

Question 11

Pregnancy related death