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Micro final > Trematodes > Flashcards

Trematodes Flashcards

1
Q

trematodes look like what?

A

flat, fleshy, leaf looking

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2
Q

what is another name for trematodes?

A

flukes

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3
Q

what are the most often intermediate hosts?

A

snails and shellfish

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4
Q

what is the reservoir of trematodes?

A

natural reservoirs

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5
Q

humans are what type of hosts?

how do humans become hosts?

A

definitive

ingestion of operculated eggs

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6
Q

what is a major clue to determining an infection with trematodes?

A

they will induce eosinophilia

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7
Q

what is the treatment for trematodes?

A

Praziquantel*

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8
Q

what is the major diagnostical tool to determine trematode infection?

A

detection of eggs in stool

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9
Q

what are the medically important species of trematodes?

A
  1. Fasciolopsis buski
  2. Fasciola hepatica
  3. Paragonimus westermani
  4. Schistosoma sp.
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10
Q

what is another name for Fasciolopsis buski ?

A

Giant intestinal fluke

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11
Q

how do humans acquire Fasciolopsis buski?

A

ingestion of water vegetation (eg.chestnuts)*

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12
Q

where does the giant fluke stay (what part of the intestine?)?

A

small intestine

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13
Q

what symptoms will pt present with?

A

abdominal pain (resembles duodenal ulcer), diarrhea

Eosinophilia *

operculated eggs in stool*

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14
Q

what is another name for Fasciola hepatica?

A

Sheep Liver Fluke

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15
Q

how do we acquire fasciola hepatica?

A

Ingestion of watercress *

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16
Q

the adult worm from fasciola hepatica will damage what organs?

A

liver, bile ducts *

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17
Q

when will fasciola hepatica cause hepatomegaly, eosinophilia *?

A

when the parasite is migrating through the liver

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18
Q

when will fasciola hepatica cause hepatitis, biliary obstruction?

A

when there is infestation of bile ducts

19
Q

what will be a good diagnostic test for determining infection with fasciola hepatica?

A

operculated eggs in stool

20
Q

what is another name for Paragonimus westermani?

A

Lung Fluke

21
Q

how do we acquire Lung Fluke?

A

Eating uncooked crabmeat / crayfish (larvae) *

22
Q

where will we find the adult Paragonimus westermani?

A

in lungs *

23
Q

when the Paragonimus westermani larva migrate we will see what symptoms?

A

fever, eosinophilia *

24
Q

what symptoms will be seen with Paragonimus westermani infection?

A

Cough, blood-tinged sputum *, chronic bronchitis

25
Q

how do you detect an infection with Paragonimus westermani ?

A

operculated eggs in sputum

Sputum, pleural effusion *

26
Q

what is this?

A

eggs of Paragonimus

27
Q

what is another name for Schistosomes?

A

blood flukes

28
Q

in what country are blood fluke more prevalent?

A

Egypt

29
Q

who is the intermediate for Schistosomes?

A

Snails are intermediate host to produce larva (cercariae)

30
Q

how is Schistosomes acquired?

A

Penetration of skin by cercariae in fresh water *

31
Q

The adult blood flukes are what kind of parasites?

A

obligate intravascular parasites, *

32
Q

what are the 3 medically important species of Schistosomes?

A
  • mansoni
  • japonicum
  • haematobium
33
Q

how do you diagnose Schistosomes?

A

Eggs in stool have spines *

34
Q

what is the treatment for Schistosomes?

A

Praziquantel

35
Q

what are 2 types of schistosomes?

A

S. mansoni & S.japonicum

36
Q

S. mansoni & S.japonicum are found where in the body?

A

Flukes in mesenteric veins *

37
Q

how do you diagnose s. mansoni & s. japonicum?

A

Eggs - stool * (eggs have lateral spines)

38
Q

S.haemtobium will present with what symptoms?

A

Hematuria, urinary frequency *

39
Q

how do you diagnose S. haemotobium?

A

Eggs - urine * (terminal spine)

40
Q

what cancer is s. haemtobium associated with?

A

chronic infection is associated with squamous cell carcinoma

41
Q

S. Mansoni and S. japonicum is related to what disease? what will it cause?

A

KATAMAYA DISEASE (acute)

causes: portal hypertension

42
Q

S. haematobium is associated with propagation of what in Egypt?

A

HCV

43
Q

what cancer occurs with S. haematobium?

A

bladder carcinoma

Micro final (4 decks)

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