Cestodes

Question 1

what are the cestode parts?

Answer 1

first segment is head

in between are proglottids

last is gravid proglottids

Question 2

What is the sex of cestodes?

Answer 2

hemaphrodites

Question 3

what part of the cestode contains the eggs?

Answer 3

gravid proglittid

Question 4

what is important about the gravid proglottid?

Answer 4

contains the eggs that are diagnostically relevant (used to diagnose)

Question 5

what is the TREATMENT for cestodes?

Answer 5

Praziquantel*****

Question 6

what is another common name for cestodes?

Answer 6

tapeworms

Question 7

what are the medically important cestodes?

Answer 7

• Echinococcus granulosis *
• Taenia solium*
• Diphyllobothrium latum*

Question 8

what is another name for Echinococcus?

Answer 8

dog tapeworm

Question 9

what are the two disease types of echinococcus?

Answer 9

1. Cystic echinocccosis
2. Alveolar echinococcosis

Question 10

what is Cystic echinocccosis?

Answer 10

caused by infection with eggs (eat the eggs) of Echinococcus granulosis

Question 11

what is Alveolar echinococcosis?

Answer 11

disease is caused by infection with the larval stage of Echinococcus multilocularis

Question 12

what are the two normal hosts? which of these is the intermediate host? which is the definitive host?

which of these has the adult tapeworm and which has the larvae?

who is the dead end host?

Answer 12

1. Dog = definitive host; has adult tapeworm in intestine
2. Sheep = intermediate host; has the larvae

humans are the dead end host

Question 13

human Echinococcus infection is associated with what areas?

Answer 13

sheep-raising areas*

Question 14

hyatid cysts will affect what organs?

Answer 14

liver, lungs, CNS*

Question 15

how does the hyatid cysts look like?

Answer 15

slow growing tumor with a membrane

Question 16

what is this?

Answer 16

hyatid sand

Question 17

what happens if the hyatid cysts breaks?

Answer 17

anaphylactic shock * and dissemination of infection

Question 18

what is the treatment for hyatid cysts of echinococcus?

Answer 18

Surgical resection of cyst*

Question 19

what is this?

Answer 19

hyatid cyst

Question 20

what is this?

Answer 20

hyatid cyst

Question 21

what is another name for Taenia solium?

Answer 21

pork tapeworm

Question 22

what symptoms are seen with taenia saginata?

Answer 22

GI dysfunction

Question 23

how is taenia solium contracted?

where do we find the larvae?

Answer 23

by eating undercooked Pork

larva in muscle*

Question 24

what is a good diagnostic clue to determine infection with taenia solium?

Answer 24

Eggs / proglottids passed in stool *

Question 25

where is taenia solium mostly found?

Answer 25

Mexico or food shipped from Mexico

Question 26

how is taenia solium transmitted?

Answer 26

* ingestion of eggs * Autoinoculation \* * Eating raw vegetables / drinking water \*

Question 27

what is cysticerci?

Answer 27

Encysted larvae in tissues (muscles, brain, lungs, eye, connective tissues \*)

Question 28

when the human eats taenia solium eggs, he becomes what type of host?

Answer 28

definitive host

Question 29

what symptoms are seen with taenia solium?

Answer 29

GI dysfunction

Question 30

what is Neurocysticercosis\*? what will it cause? what is it the most common cause of? how do you treat it?

Answer 30

Larvae encysted in brain - Seizures, visual defects, hydrocephalus\* seizures in Mexico antiparasitic + corticosteroids\*

Question 31

what is another name for Taenia saginata?

Answer 31

beef tapeworm

Question 32

how does taenia saginata get acquired?

Answer 32

Eating undercooked beef with cyst\*

Question 33

what is a good diagnostic clue to detect taenia saginata?

Answer 33

Eggs in stool / proglottids\*

Question 34

do Humans get cysticercosis from beef tapeworm? \*

Answer 34

no

Question 35

where is taenia saginata the most common tapeworm infection?

Answer 35

US and Canada

Question 36

what is the treatment for taenia saginata?

Answer 36

praziquantel\*

Question 37

how do you diagnose taenia saginata?

Answer 37

eggs/proglottids in stool \*

Question 38

what is Diphyllobothrium latum?

Answer 38

Fish Tapeworm

Question 39

where do you find Diphyllobothrium latum?

Answer 39

freshwater lakes, especially in Northern lakes\* (US)

Question 40

how do you acquire Diphyllobothrium latum?

Answer 40

Eating undercooked freshwater fish \*

Question 41

what is Diphyllobothrium latum associated with?

Answer 41

dumping raw/improperly treated sewage into lakes\*

Question 42

what is a good diagnostic tool to diagnosing Diphyllobothrium latum?

Answer 42

eggs in the stool

Question 43

infection with Diphyllobothrium latum will lead to what deficiency? this deficiency will lead to what?

Answer 43

vit. B12, leads to pernicious anemia

Question 44

what is the treatment for Diphyllobothrium latum?

Answer 44

praziquantel \*

Question 45

what symptoms are seen with diphyllobothrium latum infection?

Answer 45

GI infection