Tree Fruits & Nuts, Insects

Question 1

Pomology

Answer 1

The science and art of fruit culture

Question 2

Catkin

Answer 2

Slim cylindrical flower cluster with inconspicuous or no petals.

Many nut trees have male flower catkins.

Question 3

Dichogamy

Answer 3

The ripening of stamens and pistils of a flower at different times such that self-fertilization is prevented.

Question 4

Abscission

Answer 4

Separation of parts (buds, flowers, fruit etc) from a plant.

Question 5

Biennial Bearing

Answer 5

The tendency for a fruit or nut tree to produce a large crop of fruit one year followed by a much smaller one the next year.

Question 6

Central Leader Training

Answer 6

Pruning a tree to have an upright central trunk with 3-10 main scaffold limbs

Question 7

Open Center Training (vase)

Answer 7

Pruning a tree to have 3-4 scaffold branches that come off at different compass point around the tree.

Allows more light into the center of the tree.

Question 8

Arthropods (jointed legs)

Answer 8

Have an exterior skeleton (exoskeleton)

Includes: insects, crabs, spiders, lobsters, ticks

Question 9

Chlorosis

Answer 9

The yellowing of normally green leaf tissue due to the destruction or failure to form chlorophyll.

Question 10

Chlorosis

Answer 10

The yellowing of normally green leaf tissue due to the destruction or failure to form chlorophyll.

Question 11

Leaf Necrosis

Answer 11

The death of all or part of a leaf

Question 12

Witches Broom

Answer 12

The proliferation of large numbers of shoots near the end of a branch. Can be caused by disease or genetics.

Question 13

Gall

Answer 13

An outgrowth of greatly modified tissue on branches, trunks, stems, or roots. Caused by wood swelling beneath the bark. Occur on Oaks more than any other plant.

Question 14

Burl

Answer 14

Hard woody protuberance on tree trunks or branches. Occur from bud proliferation. Wood gets laid down over the base of aborted buds and becomes a burl.

Question 15

Lignotuber

Answer 15

Basal woody outgrowth or swollen underground stems. Normal growths formed as an adaptation to fire or other stresses. They contain latent buds that sprout if the tree top is killed.

Question 16

Fasciation

Answer 16

Abnormal flattening of stems caused by a mutation.

Question 17

Lichens

Answer 17

Small perennial plant-like organisms comprising a fungus & a green or blue-green algae growing in a symbiotic relationship. They’re not harmful to plants and trees.

Question 18

Epiphytes

Answer 18

Photosynthetic plants that grow on trunks or branches. They are not parasitic.