Tree Biology 2 Flashcards
Trees often develop uneven rings to compensate for regular stress. This is called ___________________________.
Compartmentalization
Sapwood
Reaction wood
CODIT
Reaction wood
Parenchyma tissues that extend radially across the xylem and phloem and function in transport, storage, structural strength, and defense are called __________________.
Rays
Annual Rings
Stomata
Pith
Rays
Shigo came up with a theory of wound compartmentalization called CODIT, which describes 4 walls that form in response to a wound. Which of the 4 walls is the strongest, and least likely to fail?
Xylem above and below the wound
Rays
The winter wood of the last ring formed before the wound
New wood that forms after the wound
New wood that forms after the wound
The part of an annual ring that forms in Fall and Winter is called ______________________.
Sapwood
Heart Wood
Late Wood
Early Wood
Late Wood
The part of an annual ring that forms in Spring and Summer is called _________________________.
Sapwood
Early wood
Heartwood
Late wood
Early wood
Shigo came up with a theory of wound compartmentalization called CODIT, which describes 4 walls that form in response to a wound. Which of the 4 walls is the weakest, and most likely to fail?
Rays
Xylem above and below the wound
Winter wood of the last ring formed before the wound
New wood formed after the wound
Xylem above and below the wound
What does the term “branch bark ridge” refer to?
A raised strip of bark at a branch union
A sign of wood decay
The scar on the branch formed by the apical bud during dormancy
New wood that forms after an injury
A raised strip of bark at a branch union
The material that we call wood is almost entirely made of ______________ tissue.
Phloem
Parenchyma
Xylem
Vascular Cambium
Xylem
Wood cells are so strong because the cell walls contain _______________.
Cellulose
Auxins
Growth regulators
Lignin
Lignin
The area where the trunk tissue overlaps in layers with branch tissue is called the:
Ram’s Horns
Branch Collar
Branch Bark Ridge
Vascular Cambium
Branch Collar
Which layer of cells is responsible for outward trunk growth and increased girth of a tree?
Pith
Epidermis
Cortex
Vascular Cambium
Vascular Cambium
The term heartwood refers to:
The older xylem, which is used for storage.
The part of an annual ring that is formed in spring and summer
Decayed wood
Actively conducting xylem tissue
The older xylem, which is used for storage.
The term sapwood refers to:
Decayed wood
The part of the annual ring that is formed in spring and summer
The older xylem, which is used for storage
Actively conducting xylem tissue
Actively conducting xylem tissue
The growth rings of many trees
All of these
Can give information about growing conditions in previous years.
Are visible because of the rapid growth rate of early wood relative to late wood.
Can be counted to approximate a tree’s age
All of these
How are the trunks of palm trees different from the trunks of other trees?
Palms are unable to compartmentalize
Palms do not form reaction wood
Palms do not form growth rings
All of these
Palms do not form wood
All of these
