Treatments of 614

Question 1

IMHA tx

Answer 1

1. Immunosuppression + human IgG IV
2. Supportive: crystalloids, nutrition, pRBCs
3. Anticoagulants; low-dose aspirin, clopidogrel, oral rivaroxaban/low-molecular-weight heparin

Question 2

Chronic blood loss tx

Answer 2

1. Address cause
2. pRBC
3. Iron replacement - Ferrous sulphate PO for several months

Question 3

Immune-mediated thrombocytopaenia tx

Answer 3

1. Immunosuppresion
   + Vincristine IV dose (if hospitalised)
2. FWB if actively bleeding/ Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) if intracranial bleeding
3. Supportive - IV fluids + FFP (to tx. dilution coagulopathy), rest, nutrition, soft food
4. Cyclosporine/ Splenectomy if responding poorly to initial tx

Question 4

Fibrinolysis tx

Answer 4

antifibrinolytic medx - Tranexamic acid, epsilon aminocaproic acid

Question 5

Haemophilia A

Answer 5

cryoprecipitate

Question 6

Haemophilia B

Answer 6

cryopoor

Question 7

FVII deficit

Answer 7

cryopoor

Question 8

Immunosuppression dog

Answer 8

1. Induction 1-2months
   - Prednisolone 2-4mg/kg/d –> 0.5mg/kg/d + Azathioprine SID –> EOD
2. Maintenance 6m - indefinite
   - Pred 0.5mg/kg/d to lowest effect EOD dose/zero
   + discontinue azathioprine following cessation of pred

Question 9

Immunosuppression cat

Answer 9

Induction 1-2months
- Pred 2-4mg/kg/d –> 0.5mg/kg/d +
Chlorambucil 1x2mg tab EOD (large cat) or 1x2mg tab 2xweek (small cat)

Maintenance

• pred taper to zero
• alternately tapering chlorambucil

Question 10

IMPA tx

Answer 10

immunosuppressive + concurrent glomerulonephritis + specifics tx according to type

Question 11

SRMA tx

Answer 11

immunosuppressives + anti-inflams

Question 12

Familial shar pei fever tx

Answer 12

colchine for amyloidosis + antiox + immunosuppress

Question 13

Rheumatoid arthritis tx

Answer 13

gold salts + leflunomide + immunosuppressives

Question 14

what is a prescription renal diet?

Answer 14

• mod. protein restriction
• restricted sodium, phosphorous
• increased potassium (cats)
• alkalinising

Question 15

how do you minimise hyperparathyroidism secondary to CKD?

Answer 15

restrict phosphate, plasma phosphate ideally <1.5mmol/L

Question 16

How do you manage proteinuria with CKD?

Answer 16

benazepril + telmisartan

+ restrict protein

Question 17

uraemic syndrome tx

Answer 17

maropitant (anti-emetic) + mirtazapine (appetite stim)

Question 18

CKD hypertension in cats vs dogs tx

Answer 18

Amlodipine in cats

Benazepril in dogs

Question 19

Bacterial cystitis dogs tx

Answer 19

Amoxicillin 15mg/kg TID
Amoxyclav 12.5-20mg/kg BID-TIB
14day course

Question 20

Bacterial cystitis cats tx

Answer 20

Doxycycline or amoxyclav

Question 21

Pyelonephritis tx

Answer 21

10-14d pradofloxacin

Question 22

Prostatitis tx

Answer 22

Enro/pradofloxacin 4wks if acute, 4-6wks if chronic

Neuter dogs

Question 23

Feline idiopathic cystitis tx

Answer 23

• feeding urinary tract diet

- environmental enrichment and reduction of stressors

Question 24

Which urolith is associated with bacterial cystitis?

Answer 24

struvite urolith

Question 25

What uroliths are radio-opaque?

Answer 25

struvite and calcium oxalate

Question 26

What uroliths are radio-lucent?

Answer 26

cysteine + urate

Question 27

urethral obstruction tx

Answer 27

1. Address life-threatening hyperkalaemia
2. Resolve the obstruction
3. Supportive: IVFT, monitoring

Question 28

tx life-threatening hyperkalaemia

Answer 28

1. Protect myocardium: calcium gluconate 0.2-0.5ml/kg IV over 15min
2. Reduce hyperkalaemia
   - insuline + glucose/dextrose
   - sodium bicarbonate slow IV over 2-5min
   - terbutaline

Question 29

Tx block FIC cat

Answer 29

• urinary catheter in place for ~24hrs before attempted removal
• urethral spasms –> prazosin, phenoxybenzamine
• sx –> perineal urethrostomy for recurrent cases