Treatments Flashcards
Asthma
- )SABA
- )Add inhaled corticosteroid
- )Add LABA and assess control
- )Add LTRA or increase steroid
- )Add daily steroid tab
Emergency:
Oral/IV steroids
Nebulise
COPD
Smoking cessation Inhalers Vaccines Pulmonary rehabilitation Long term O2 therapy Nutritional assessment Psychological support Exacerbations may require antibiotics and steroids
ARDS
Mechanical ventilation
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
Avoid allergen
Alter working practice
Manage symptoms with corticosteroids
Sarcoidosis
NSAIDs
Systemic and topical steroids
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Corticosteroids
Lung transplant
Pulmonary rehabilitation
Pleural Effusion
Drain fluid if symptomatic
Pleurodesis if recurrent
Surgery
Pneumothorax
If tension, do not x-ray and insert chest drain immediately.
Pulmonary embolism
LMW Heparin until INR 2-3
Start warfarin >3 months
Thrombolysis if massive PE
DVT
LMW Heparin until INR 2-3
Start warfarin for >3 months
Graduated compression stockings
Thrombolysis
Pulmonary Hypertension
Remain active Warfarin O2 Diuretics CCB Pulmonary endarterectomy if referred
Tonsilitis/Pharyngitis
Resting
Oral penicillin if severe and bacterial
Otitis Media
Painkillers
Antibiotics if severe or bilateral
Croup
Oral steroids
O2 Therapy
Epiglottitis
Augmentin/Cephalosporin
May require intubation
Glandular Fever
Paracetamol/Ibuprofen
Coryza (common cold)
OTC medication
Sinusitis/Rhinitis
OTC medications Nasal decongestants Cleaning inside of nose with saline Antihistamine Avoidance of allergens
Acute bronchitis
Often spontaneous recovery
Antibiotics if severe
Minimal intervention, maximal observation
Pneumonia
Assess severity with CURB
Bronchiectasis
Chest physio
Prompt infection treatment with antibiotics
May require inhaled B2 agonist/corticosteroid
Lung abscess
Guided by available culture results
Surgical drainage is sometimes needed
Empyema
Drain fluid immediately
Extend antibiotic period
Thoracic surgical intervention in severe cases
Small cell carcinoma
Chemo
+maybe palliative
