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Respiratory diseases > Investigations and Diagnosis > Flashcards

Investigations and Diagnosis Flashcards

1
Q

Asthma

A

PEFR
Spirometry
Pulmonary function testing
Response to treatment

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2
Q

COPD

A

Spirometry
Pulmonary function testing
CXR
Response to bronchodilator (minimal response expected)

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3
Q

ARDS

A

CXR

Clinical findings

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4
Q

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis

A

CXR - Fluffy nodular shadowing
CT - Reticular and nidular changes
PFT
Blood test - IgG, precipitating antibodies

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5
Q

Sarcoidosis

A 
CXR
CT
FBC
Transbronchial biopsy
Serum ACE levels
PFT
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6
Q

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

A 
CXR 
CT
PFT
Blood gases
Blood tests
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7
Q

Pleural Effusion

A 
CXR - blunt costophrenic angles
CT - benign or malignant
Ultrasound
Diagnostic aspiration
Biopsy
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8
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Decide if tension
CXR
Establish size
Check if patient is breathless

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9
Q

Pulmonary embolism

A 
V/Q scan
Doppler veins CTPA
Arterial blood gases
Troponin
D-dimer
ECG
CXR
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10
Q

DVT

A

Clinical diagnosis combined with D-dimer blood test
Ultrasound
Venography

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11
Q

Pulmonary hypertension

A 
CXR - enlargement of pulmonary arteries
V/Q scan 
CTPA
ECG
Echo
cMRI
Blood tests
Liver ultrasound - excludes cirrhosis
PFT
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12
Q

Tonilitis/pharyngitis

A

Throat swab
Nasal swab
Blood test

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13
Q

Otitis Media

A

Examination of ear

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14
Q

Epiglottitis

A

Do not examine throat without tongue depressor!

Direct inspection using laryngoscopy

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15
Q

Croup

A

Clinical diagnosis by ruling out other conditions

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16
Q

Glandular Fever

A

Monospot test

17
Q

Sinusitis/Rhinitis

A

If severe then refer to ENT

18
Q

Acute bronchitis

A

Examination and clinical diagnosis

19
Q

Pneumonia

A 
FBC and serum biochemistry
CXR Blood cultures
Throat swab
Urinary legionella antigen
Sputum microscopy adn culture
20
Q

Bronchiectasis

A 
High res CT of thorax
Sputum culture
Serum immunoglobulins
Total IgE and aspergillus perciptins
CF genotyping
21
Q

Lung abscess

A

CXR
CT
Blood culture and tests
Sputum culture

22
Q

Empyema

A

Thoracocentesis
Aspiration of fluid under ultraosund and sent for gram stain
Exudate or transudate

23
Q

Small cell carcinoma

A 
CXR
CT
Fine needle aspiration
Biopsy 
Sputum cytology
Staging
24
Q

Non-small cell carcinoma

A 
CXR
CT 
Fine needle aspiration
Biopsy
Sputum cytology
Staging
PET
TNM
Bronchoscopy
25
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

A 
Guthrie test
Sweat test
Genetic screening 
Full blood tests
Bacteriology
CXR
Ultrasound
Spirometry
26
Q

TB

A 
Mantoux test
3 sputum specimens on successive days
CXR 
PCR
Histology - caseating granuloma
27
Q

Sleep apnoea

A

Overnight pulse oximetry/video recording

Polysomnography

28
Q

Narcolepsy

A

CXR
CT
Blood culture and test
Sputum culture

Respiratory diseases (4 decks)

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