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Rapid Review > Treatments > Flashcards

Treatments Flashcards

5
Q

Absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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6
Q

Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine

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7
Q

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

All-trans retinoic acid

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8
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, amphetamines

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9
Q

Alcohol abuse

A

AA + disulfiram for patient and Al-Anon for family

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10
Q

Alcohol withdrawal

A

Benzodiazepines

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11
Q

Anorexia

A

SSRIs

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12
Q

Anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

Heparin

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13
Q

Anxiety

A

Buspirone

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14
Q

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide)

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15
Q

B12 deficiency

A

Vitamin B12

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16
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

Tamsulosin, finasteride

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17
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Lithium, valproate, carbamazepine (mood stabilizers)

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18
Q

Breast cancer in postmenopausal women

A

Aromatase inhibitor

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19
Q

Buerger’s disease

A

smoking cessation

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20
Q

Bulimia

A

SSRIs

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21
Q

Candida albicans

A

Amphotericin B (systemic), nystatin (oral thrush, esophagitis)

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22
Q

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreotide

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23
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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24
Q

Chronic gour

A

Probenecid (underexcretor), allopurinol (overproducer)

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25
Q

Chronic hepatitis

A

IFN-alpha

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26
Q

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

Imatinib

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27
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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28
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

Oral metronidazole

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29
Q

Clostridium tetani

A

Antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam

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30
Q

Crohn’s disease

A

Corticosteroids, infliximab

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31
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans

A

Fluconazole (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)

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32
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

N-acetylcystein + antipseudomonal prophylaxis (tobramycin/azithromycin)

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33
Q

Cytomegalovirus

A

Ganciclovir

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34
Q

Depression

A

SSRIs (first-line)

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35
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

Desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

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36
Q

Diabetes mellitus type 1

A

Dietary intervention (low-sugar) + insulin replacement

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37
Q

Diabetes mellitus type 2

A

Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemic, and insulin (possible)

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38
Q

Diabetic ketoacidosis

A

Fluids, insulin, K+

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39
Q

Enterococci

A

Vancomycin/Ampicillin + aminoglycoside

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40
Q

Erectile dysfunction

A

Sildenafil

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41
Q

ER-positive breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen

42
Q

Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

A

Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

43
Q

Folate deficiency

A

Folate

44
Q

Haemophilus influenzae (B)

A

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

45
Q

Hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Mesna

46
Q

Heparin toxicity (acute)

A

Protamine sulfate

47
Q

HER2-neu-positive breast cancer

A

Trastuzumab

48
Q

Hyperaldosteronism

A

Spironolactone

49
Q

Hypercholesterolemia

A

Statin (first-line)

50
Q

Hypertriglyceridemia

A

Fibrate

51
Q

Immediate anticoagulation

A

Heparin

52
Q

Infertility

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile)

53
Q

Influenza

A

Amantadine/rimantadine

54
Q

Legionella pneumophila

A

Erythromycin

55
Q

Long-term anticoagulation

A

Warfarin

56
Q

Malaria

A

Chloroquinine/mefloquine (for blood schizont)

58
Q

Malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

59
Q

Medical abortion

A

Mifepristone

60
Q

Migraine

A

Sumatriptan

61
Q

MRSA

A

Vancomycin

62
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Beta-interferon

63
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

RIPES (rifampin, INH, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, streptomycin)

64
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent Chlamydia)

65
Q

Neural tube defect prevention

A

Folate

66
Q

Osteomalacia/rickets

A

Vitamin D supplementation

67
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus

A

Indomethacin

68
Q

Pheochromocytoma

A

alpha-antagonists

69
Q

Pneumocystis jiroveci

A

TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patient)

70
Q

Prolactinoma

A

Bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

71
Q

Prostate cancer/uterine fibroids

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

72
Q

Prostate carcinoma

A

Flutamide

73
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Antipseudomonal penicillin + aminoglycoside

74
Q

Pulmonary hypertension

A

Bosentan

75
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii

A

Tetracycline, chloramphenicol (especially in context of aplastic anemia)

76
Q

Ringworm infections

A

Terbinafine, griseofulvin, imidazole

77
Q

Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

A

5-HT2A antagonists (e.g., olanzapine)

78
Q

Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)

A

D2 receptor antagonists

79
Q

SIADH

A

Demeclocycline, lithium

80
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

Hydroxyurea (increase HbF)

81
Q

Sporothrix schenckii

A

Oral KI

82
Q

Stable angina

A

Sublingual nitroglycerin

83
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

A

Methicillin/naficillin

84
Q

Streptococcus bovis

A

Penicillin prophylaxis

85
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)

86
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Penicillin prophylaxis

87
Q

Temporal arteritis

A

High-dose steroids

88
Q

Tonic-clonic seizures

A

Phenytoin, valproic acid, carbamazepine

89
Q

Toxoplasma gondii

A

Sulfonamide + pyrimethamine

90
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

Penicillin

91
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole (patient and partner)

92
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA, infliximab

93
Q

UTI prophylaxis

A

TMP-SMX

94
Q

Warfarin toxicity

A

Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (chronic)

95
Q

Wegener’s granulomatosis

A

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

Rapid Review (4 decks)

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