Treatments Flashcards
Acne
Benzoyl peroxide: inflammatory acne
Topical retinoic acid (tretinoin): treats comedonal acne
Topical antibiotics: treats pustular and comedone acne
Systemic antibiotics
Oral contraceptives that contain estrogen
Oral isotretinoin
Boil
Self limiting
Warm moist compress
I&D
Antibacterial soap
Mupirocin ointment
Antibiotics (Dicloxacillin, Cephalexin)
Impetigo
Mupirocin (bactroban)
Cephalexin (keflex)
Removal of exudate
Antihistamine
Tinea (antifungal)
Griseofulvin
Itraconazole
Miconazole
Tolnaftate
Terbinafine
Thiabendazine
Tinea (surgical)
Debridement - tissue removal
Conjunctivitis
Bacterial: Ciprofloxacin
Viral: Sulfonamide
Neonatal: Topical erythromycin and cephalosporin
Chemical: flushing with NSS, topical steroids
Vernal: corticosteroid drops, cromolyn sodium, cold compress, oral antihistamine
Herpes: trifluridine drops, vidarabine ointment, oral acyclovir
Otitis externa
- heat therapy
- 3% hypertonic saline
- aspirin/acetaminophen/ codeine
- nystatin
- keratolytic: 2% salicylic
Otitis media
Amoxicillin
Azithromycin
Cefuroxime
surgical: myringotomy
Menigococcemia
Penicillin G
Streptococcal pharynigits
Bed rest
Saline gargle
Lozenge (ex: strepsils)
Soft diet
Penicillin/cephalosporin/erythromycin
Pneumonia
Antibiotics
Co-amoxiclav
Co-trimoxazole
Unasyn
Tazocin
O2 therapy
Suctioning
Coughing and deep breathing exercises
Mechanical ventilation
Hydration
HIGH CALORIE DIET
Bed rest
H5N1
Bed rest
Paracetamol
Guaifenesin
Dextromethorphan
Increase fluid
Antivirals: oseltamivir, zanamivir
H1N1
Bed rest
Paracetamol
Increased fluid intake
antivirals : oseltamivir, zanamivir
SARS
Bed rest
Increase fluid intake
O2 administration
Antivirals: ribavirin
scabies
Permethrin 5%
Malathion
Lindane lotion
10% sulfur ointment
Neem oil
Tea tree oil 5%
Ivermectin
Chlorpheniramine
Diphtheria
- antibiotics: erythromycin, penicillin
- DTaP (2,4,6 mos)
Pertussis
- DTaP
- Antibiotics (erythromycin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin)
Infectious mononucleosis
- NSAIDs
- steroids
- saline gargle
- paracetamol
- rest
AIDS
- HAART
- Trizivir
- Abacavir + Lamivudine + Zidovudine
Common colds
- rest
- saline gargle
- decongestants
- increased oral fluids
- steam inhalation
- mucus aspiration
COVID19
> Nirmatrelvir with ritonavir
- for adults and children ages 12+
- oral
- within 5 days
> Remdesivir
- for adults and children
- iv for 3 consecutive days
- within 7 days
- Molnupiravir
for adults
oral
within 5 days
Measles
Vitamin A
doses:
50 000 IU : < 6 mos old
100 000 IU: 6-11 mos old
200 000 IU: 12 mos +
Varicella
2 doses of vax
Dengue
Acetaminophen to control fever and relieve pain
Malaria
Shigellosis
- ciprofloxacin
- amoxicillin
- doxycycline
- trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole
Gastroenteritis
- Oral rehydration
- IV replacement
- Antiemetic (Metoclopramide)
- Antipyretic (Acetaminophen)
- Antispasmodic (Butylscopolamine)
Rotateq vaxx (3 doses P.O, starts at 6 weeks, 4 week interval)
Typhoid fever
- Oral rehydration
- IV replacement (D5NM)
- Ciprofloxacin
- Chloramphenicol
- Cefixime
Cholera
- Oral rehydration
- IV replacement (D5LR)
- Doxycycline
- Erythromycin
- Tetracycline
PUD
- antacids (H2 blockers, proton inhibitors)
- antibiotics (amoxicillin and clarithromycin)
Salmonella
Antimicrobial therapy
1. Ampicillin
2. Cephalosporin
3. TMP-SMX
4. Azithromycin
Rehydration
UTi
- antibiotics
a. Co-amoxiclav
b. Co-trimoxazole
c. meropenem
d. nitrofurantoin - fluid replacement: oral, iv
- analgesics for pain
- Trimetophrim-sulfomethoxazole
Leptospirosis
- doxycycline - mild
- Penicillin G - severe
- dialysis - azotemia
herpes
- Acyclovir
- Famciclovir
- Valacyclovir
g warts
- imiquimod cream
- podofilox gel
- cryotherapy
- surgical removal
syphilis
doxycycline
penicillin g
candidiasis
antifungal meds
- nystatin
- clotrimazole
- amphotericin
gonorrhea
ceftriaxone
ciprofloxacine
cefixime
ofloxacin
chlamydia
-azithromycin
- doxycycline
- erythromycine
Viral encephalitis
- acyclovir
Japanese encephalitis
Prevent increase in ICP
- oxygen therapy
- osmotic diuretic
- loop diuretic
- corticosteroids
- stool softeners
Prevent seizure
- anticonvulsants
Manage headache due to increased icp
raise LOC
infection control
vector control
Botulism
Ventilatory support
Gastric gavage
Antibiotic therapy: penicillin, metronidazole
Botulinum antitoxins (IM and IV)
Trivalent antitoxin (A,B,E) – given IV
Tetanus
- relief from spasm and convulsions
- relief from hyperthermia
- eliminate bacterial infection
Scabies
- permethrin 5%
- malathion
- Lindane lotion
- 10% sulfate ointment
- Neem oil
- Tea tree oil at 5&
- Ivermectin
- chlorpheriamine
Pediculosis capitis
- Permetherin cream
Pediculosis corporis
- lindane powder on clothing
Pediculosis pubis
- permetherin
- lindane
- mathalion
Mumps
MMR
- 2 doses of mumps vaxx
