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Micropara [Etiologic agents, signs and symptoms, treatments] > Signs and symptoms > Flashcards

Signs and symptoms Flashcards

1
Q

Acne

A

Whiteheads
Blackheads
Inflammation of pustules, papules, cyst or abscess

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2
Q

Boil

A

Itch before lump forms
Painful red lump
Red and swollen skin around the lump
Pustule with yellow-white tip exudate
Fever and lymphadenitis

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3
Q

Impetigo

A

Lesions – peeling skin, crust and flaky scabs, honey colored crusts
Pruritus
Painless, fluid-filled blisters
Serious form – painful fluids filled or pus filled sores that turn into deep ulcers
Regional lymphadenopathy

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4
Q

Tinea capitis

A

Small, scaly patches
Severe inflammation
Alopecia

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5
Q

Tinea corporis

A

Dry and scaly or moist and crusty with reddish rings
Pustule
Pruritus

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6
Q

Tinea barbae

A

Pustular folliculitis

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7
Q

Tinea cruris

A

Red lesions
Pruritus

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8
Q

Tinea manuum

A

White and scaly patches to deep and fissured lesions
Pruritus

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9
Q

Tinea unguium

A

White patches in the nail bed
Thickening
Distortion
Darkening

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10
Q

Tinea pedis

A

Scales
Blisters
Crust
Patches
Pruritus
Pain

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11
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Pink or red sclera
Swelling
Tearing up
Photophobia
Pruritus (allergic conjunctivitis)
Yellow-green discharge (bacterial conjunctivitis)
Burning sensation (chemical conjunctivitis)
Irritation
Feeling like a foreign body in the eye
Crusting of eyelids or lashes
Cold flu or other respiratory issues
Blurred vision
Enlarged lymph nodes
Itchy nose, sneezing, scratchy throat or asthma (allergic conjunctivitis

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12
Q

Otitis externa

A
  1. Acute otitis externa
    - Pain
    - redness and swelling canal
    - discharge (foul smelling) with fever
    - regional cellulitis
    - crusting in the external ear
    - itch
    - partial hearing loss
    - black/gray, paper like growth in the ear canal
  2. Chronic otitis externa
    - Intense pruritus
    - Scaling, skin thickening narrowing the lumen
    - Asteatosis
    - Aural discharge
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13
Q

Otitis media

A
  • flu like symptoms
  • tinnitus
  • Dizziness
  • Irritability
  • sleep disturbance
    -purulent drainage
  • temporary hearing loss
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14
Q

Acute Meningococcemia

A

Initially pink maculopapular lesions that later evolve to non-blanching petechial rash (especially in the trunk and extremities)

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15
Q

Waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome

A

The most severe form of meningococcemia
High fever, shock, widespread, purpura, DIC, thrombocytopenia, adrenal insufficiency
Bilateral destruction of the adrenal glands

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16
Q

Streptococcus pharyngitis

A

Pharyngitis
Tonsilitis
Dysphagia
Cervical Lymphadenopathy
Fever
Malaise

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17
Q

Pneumonia

A

Fever
Malaise
Myalgia
Productive cough
Tachypnea
Dyspnea
Pleuritic chest pain

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18
Q

H5N1

A

fever
headache
myalgia
fatigue
pharyngitis
rinorrhea

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19
Q

H1N1

A

fever
headache
myalgia
malaise
anorexia
diarrhea
nausea and vomit

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20
Q

SARS

A

high fever
severe headache
myalgia
dyspnea
nonproductive cough
pharyngitis
rhinorrhea

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21
Q

COVID-19

A
  • fever
  • dry cough
  • lethargy
  • nasal congestion
  • headache
  • sore throat
  • loss of smell and taste
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22
Q

Diphtheria

A
  • breathing difficulties
  • thick gray pseudo membrane in the throat and tonsils
  • sore throat
  • nasal discharge
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23
Q

Pertussis

A
  • runny nose
  • cough
  • nasal congestion
  • red and watery eyes
  • fever
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24
Q

Infectious mononucleosis

A
  • fever
  • pharyngitis
  • lymphadenopathy
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25
Q

AIDS

A
  • Fever
  • night sweats
  • weight loss
  • fatigue
  • lymphadenopathy
26
Q

Common colds

A
  • Rhinorrhea
  • Nasal congestion
  • Sneezing
  • Headache
  • Fever
  • Malaise
27
Q

Viral encephalitis

A

Meningismus minus profound alteration in consciousness, seizures, and focal deficits

Headaches (frontal or retroorbital)

Photophobia

Pain in moving the eyes

Constitutional signs (malaise, myalgia, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and/or diarrhea)

28
Q

Influenza

A
  • Fever
    chills
    headache
    malaise
    myalgia
    arthralgia
    non productive cough
    pharyngitis
    nasal congestion
    rhinorrhea
29
Q

Measles

A
  • cough
  • coryza
  • conjunctivitis
    PATHOGNOMONIC SIGN: Koplik spots
    followed by maculopapular rash (appears 14 days after exposure)
30
Q

Varicella/chicken pox

A
  • mild prodrome of fever and malaise 1 to 2 days before rash onset
  • macular to papular to vesicular lesion before crusting
31
Q

Dengue virus

A
  • aches (muscles, bones, joints, retroorbital)
  • nausea and vomiting
  • rash

symptoms show within 2 weeks after being bitten by an infected mosquito and symptoms last 2-7 days.

recovery: within a week

32
Q

Parotitis

A
  • parotid gland
    a. discoloration
    b. swelling
    c. pain
  • dysphagia
  • Fever
  • headache
  • muscle ache
33
Q

Dental caries

A

cavity
discoloration
halitosis
altered tase
tooth ache
sensitiity

34
Q

Shigellosis

A
  • diarrhea
  • abdominal pain
  • fever
  • tenesmus
35
Q

Gastroenteritis

A
  • diarrhea
  • abdominal pain or cramps
  • vomiting
  • anorexia
  • fever
  • flatulence
  • bloody stool
36
Q

Typhoid fever

A
  • diarrhea
  • abdominal pain
  • bradycardia
  • remittent fever
  • delirium
  • epistaxis
  • rose spots (PHATOGNOMONIC)
37
Q

Cholera

A
  • Profuse diarrhea (rice water stool)
  • Vomiting
  • Abdominal pain
  • Poor skin turgor
  • hypotension
38
Q

PUD

A
  • diarrhea
  • epigastric pain
  • vomit
  • abdominal pain
  • melena
  • hematemesis
  • pain radiating to the back
39
Q

Salmonella

A
  • fever
  • headache
  • vomit
  • blood in stool
  • chills
  • nausea
40
Q

UTI

A
  • urinary frequency
  • urinary urgency
  • pain
41
Q

Leptospirosis (leptospiraemic phase)

A
  • severe headache
  • sudden fever
  • conjunctivitis
  • myalgia
  • abdominal pain
42
Q

Leptospirosis (immune phase)

A
  • mild headache
  • confusion
  • mild fever
  • jaundice
43
Q

Herpes

A
  • ulcerated papules
  • dysuria
44
Q

g. warts

A
  • hard and benign
  • cauliflower cluster of bumps
  • dyspareunia
45
Q

Adult syphilis

A

Primary syphilis
- Chancre

Secondary syphilis
- Condylomata lata
- flu like symptoms
- lymphadenopathy

Latent syphilis
- asymptomatic

Tertiary (late) syphilis
- gummas
- aortic aneurysm
- neurosyphilis

46
Q

Congenital syphilis

A

Early congenital syphilis
- initially asymptomatic
- runny nose
- rash
- hepatosplenomegaly
- condylomata lata

Late congenital syphilis
- 8th nerve deafness
teeth and bone deformities:
- saddle nose
- saber shin
- hutchinson’s teeth
- moon molar

47
Q

Oral candidiasis

A
  • white cheese like tongue
  • cracking
  • loss of taste
48
Q

Vaginal candidiasis

A
  • white cheese like discharfe
  • itchiness
  • redness and swelling
49
Q

Gonorrhea

A

MALE
- primary infection site: urethra
- purulent yellow green
- dysuria
- swollen testicles

FEMALE
- priimary infection site: cervix
- purulent yellow green
- dyusria
- abdominal pain

50
Q

Chlamydia

A

MALE
- white watery discharge w foul smell
- dysuria
- swollen testicles

FEMALE
- white watery discharfe w foul smell
- dysuria

51
Q

Japanese encephalitis

A

General: fever
Rising ICP
Hemianopia/Hemianopsia
Hemiparesis
Doll’s eye reflex
Decorticate posturing/ flexor posturing
Decerebrate posturing/ extensor posturing
Persistent vegetative state
Brain dead
Damage to the hypothalamus leading to rising temp and vomiting
Damage to RAS
Diencephalon: altered LOC, confusion
Dullness, lethargy and stupor
Midbrain: light coma
Medulla O and pons: deep coma
Brain stem damage: pupillary dilation, eye fixation, nystagmus
Rolling of eyeball
Projectile vomiting
Loss of GABA
Seizure
Rising levels of glutamic acid: status epilepticus

52
Q

Viral encephalitits

A
  • meningismus minus alteration of consciousness
  • headache (frontal retroorbital)
  • photo phobia
  • pain when moving the eyes
  • constitutional signs
    a. myalgia
    b. malaise
    c. anorexia
    d. nausea and vomiting
    e. abdominal pain
53
Q

Rabies

A

Inflammatory reaction releases inflammatory chemicals and pyrogenic hormones
Damage to CN9 – painful throat muscle spasm
Aerophobia
Hydrophobia

54
Q

Botulism

A

4 D’s
- dysphagia
- dysarthria
- dysphonia
- diplopia

55
Q

Tetanus

A

Spasm which consumes oxygen and the muscle enters the anaerobic glycolysis producing lactic acid resulting in pain
Seizures due to loss of GABA
Spasm of oral cavity muscles leading to lock jaw
Spasm of back muscles leading to opisthotonus
Spasm of respi muscles leading to respiratory arrest
Spasm of voice box – laryngospasm

56
Q

Scabies

A
  • pruritus
  • burrows
  • scratch marks
  • burning sensation
57
Q

Pediculosis capitis

A
  • intense itching
  • excoriation
  • matte, lusterless, foul smelling hair
  • occipital and cervical lymphadenopathy
58
Q

Pediculosis corporis

A
  • papules
    severe cases: Fever, headache, malaise
59
Q

Pediculosis pubis

A
  • intense scratching
  • Maculae caeruleae: thighs or upper body
60
Q

Toxoplasmosis in adults

A
  • swelling of the lymph nodes
  • maculopapular lesions
  • sore throat
61
Q

Toxoplasmosis in babies

A
  • still birth, miscarriage
    develops in teenage years
  • hearing loss
  • mental retardation
  • serious eye infections
62
Q

Toxoplasmosis in neonates

A

Micropara [Etiologic agents, signs and symptoms, treatments] (6 decks)

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