Treatment of psychological disorders (Chapter 16)

Question 1

Psychotherapy

Answer 1

Treatment of mental disorders and/or psychological problems

Question 2

Insight therapy

Answer 2

Clients engage in complex verbal interaction with their therapists
- Goal: pursue increased insight regarding the nature of the clients difficulties and sort through possible solutions

Question 3

Behavioural therapies

Answer 3

Based on the principles of learning- make direct efforts to alter problematic responses and maladaptive habits

• Think symptoms are the problem
• Work on changing clients overt behaviours, they use different procedures for different kinds of problems
• Most involve classical conditioning, operant conditioning or observational learning

Question 4

Biomedical therapies

Answer 4

Are physiological interventions intended to reduce symptoms associated with physiological disorders

• Most widely used procedures are drug therapy and electroconvulsive (shock) therapy
• Only provided by physicians with a medical degree

Question 5

Eclecticism

Answer 5

The practice of therapy involves drawing from 2 or more systems of therapy instead of committing to just one system

Question 6

Theoretical integration

Answer 6

2 or more systems of therapy are combined or blended to take advantage of the strength of each

Question 7

Technical electicism

Answer 7

Involves borrowing ideas, insights and techniques from a variety of sources while tailoring ones intervention strategy to the unique needs pf each client

Question 8

Psychopharmacotherapy

Answer 8

The treatment of mental disorders with medication

Question 9

Antianxiety drugs

Answer 9

Helps reduce a persons experience of fear or anxiety

• Issues of tolerance, side effects and withdrawal
• Short term use
• Dangerous when take with other CNS depressants

Question 10

Antipsychotic

Answer 10

Medication that are used to treat schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders

• Reduce agitation, delusions and hallucinations (positive symptoms)
• Effects are gradual

Question 11

Tardive dyskinesia

Answer 11

A neurological disorder marked by involving moving and tic-like movements of the mouth, tongue, face, hands or feet

Question 12

Antidepressants

Answer 12

Class of drugs that generally help to lift people mood

• May take several weeks before effects are felt
• Produce unpleasant physical reactions

Question 13

Mood stabilizers

Answer 13

Drugs used to control mood swings

• Lithium is used to suppress swings between mania and depression
• Serious side effects (e.g., tremors, fatigue)

Question 14

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Answer 14

A biomedical treatment in which electric shock is used to produce a cortical seizure accompanied by convulsions

Question 15

Exposure therapy

Answer 15

Clients are confronted with the situations they fear so they learn that these situations are really harmless

Question 16

Aversion therapy

Answer 16

A behavioural therapy in which an aversive stimulus is paired with a stimulus that elicits an undesirable response

Question 17

Social skills training

Answer 17

A behavioural therapy designed to improve interpersonal skills that emphasize modelling, behavioural rehearsal and shaping
- Depends on principles of operant conditioning and observational conditioning

Question 18

Cognitive therapy

Answer 18

Uses specific strategies to correct habitual thinking errors that underlie various types of disorders
- Goal: change clients negative thoughts and maladaptive beliefs

Question 19

Psychoanalysis

Answer 19

An insight therapy that emphasizes the recovery of unconscious conflicts, motives and defences through techniques such as free association and transference