Treatment of psychological disorders (Chapter 16) Flashcards
Psychotherapy
Treatment of mental disorders and/or psychological problems
Insight therapy
Clients engage in complex verbal interaction with their therapists
- Goal: pursue increased insight regarding the nature of the clients difficulties and sort through possible solutions
Behavioural therapies
Based on the principles of learning- make direct efforts to alter problematic responses and maladaptive habits
- Think symptoms are the problem
- Work on changing clients overt behaviours, they use different procedures for different kinds of problems
- Most involve classical conditioning, operant conditioning or observational learning
Biomedical therapies
Are physiological interventions intended to reduce symptoms associated with physiological disorders
- Most widely used procedures are drug therapy and electroconvulsive (shock) therapy
- Only provided by physicians with a medical degree
Eclecticism
The practice of therapy involves drawing from 2 or more systems of therapy instead of committing to just one system
Theoretical integration
2 or more systems of therapy are combined or blended to take advantage of the strength of each
Technical electicism
Involves borrowing ideas, insights and techniques from a variety of sources while tailoring ones intervention strategy to the unique needs pf each client
Psychopharmacotherapy
The treatment of mental disorders with medication
Antianxiety drugs
Helps reduce a persons experience of fear or anxiety
- Issues of tolerance, side effects and withdrawal
- Short term use
- Dangerous when take with other CNS depressants
Antipsychotic
Medication that are used to treat schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders
- Reduce agitation, delusions and hallucinations (positive symptoms)
- Effects are gradual
Tardive dyskinesia
A neurological disorder marked by involving moving and tic-like movements of the mouth, tongue, face, hands or feet
Antidepressants
Class of drugs that generally help to lift people mood
- May take several weeks before effects are felt
- Produce unpleasant physical reactions
Mood stabilizers
Drugs used to control mood swings
- Lithium is used to suppress swings between mania and depression
- Serious side effects (e.g., tremors, fatigue)
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
A biomedical treatment in which electric shock is used to produce a cortical seizure accompanied by convulsions
Exposure therapy
Clients are confronted with the situations they fear so they learn that these situations are really harmless
Aversion therapy
A behavioural therapy in which an aversive stimulus is paired with a stimulus that elicits an undesirable response
Social skills training
A behavioural therapy designed to improve interpersonal skills that emphasize modelling, behavioural rehearsal and shaping
- Depends on principles of operant conditioning and observational conditioning
Cognitive therapy
Uses specific strategies to correct habitual thinking errors that underlie various types of disorders
- Goal: change clients negative thoughts and maladaptive beliefs
Psychoanalysis
An insight therapy that emphasizes the recovery of unconscious conflicts, motives and defences through techniques such as free association and transference
