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PSY1102 > Treatment of psychological disorders > Flashcards

Treatment of psychological disorders Flashcards

1
Q

treatment

A

describes a variety of strategies to help people manage psychological disorders

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2
Q

therapy

A

a specific treatment intended to help maintain a psychological disorder

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3
Q

psychiatrist

A

medical doctors specialized in the assessment and treatment of psychological disorders
pay attention to how physical condtiions affect mental health

prescribe meds to adress mental health concerns

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4
Q

psychologists

A

have a doctorate
diagose and treat disorders of behaviour, emotions and thoughts

clinical = treat indv w more severe mental health concerns

counseling pyshcologust = work with indv who are coping/adjusting to life crisis and stressors
school = learning and mental health needs of children and teens in learning env.

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5
Q

clinical social worker

A

provide mental health care to a variety of pop in many diff settings
also trained in advocacy work .

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6
Q

differing approach to treatment

A

depends on type of provider their training background
indv biological makeup, psychological experiences and social env also are a factor

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7
Q

biological treament

A

psychopharmacotherapy and non-pharmpacolofical tecnqies =
seek to treat the brain = most used by psychologist and therapist

social workers = more concerned with social env

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8
Q

psychosis

A

delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking

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9
Q

antipsychotic drugs

A

reduce the above symptoms

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10
Q

chloropromazine

A

used for anesthesia during surgery
then. used for psychiatric patents as tranquilizing effects manages psychotic behavirous

then haloperidol also follows.

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11
Q

typical antipsyhcotics work by

A

blocking dopamine receptors int eh brain
NT assoc w pleasure, motivation, motor control

lowering domaping in brain

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12
Q

if you inc dopamine in brain

A

w cocaine and meth = leads to anxiety, agitation, delusions, hallucination,

they thought reducing dopamine = opp effect.

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13
Q

side effects of typical antipsychotics

A

dry mouth, blurred vision, drowsiness, dizziness.

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14
Q

extrapyramidal symptoms

A

disruption in an indv ability to consciously control they body movements = involuntary tremors or rigidity

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15
Q

tardive dyskenesia

A

most serious of the above symptoms
involuntary and unwanted movements in the face, tongue, or arms

persists even when drugs are stopped.

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16
Q

antidepressant medication

A

medical treatments fo depression

meth and opioids = improve mood but side effects + addictive nature of these meds made alternatives necessary

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17
Q

cause of depression

A

result of an imbalance of specific brain chemicals known as monoamine NTs

serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, and each class of antidepressants act on these NTs in diff ways

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18
Q

three classes of antidperessentds

A

monoamine oxidase inhibitors
tricyclic antidepressants
selective serotonin reuptake inh.

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19
Q

ssri

A

serotonin is a NT that helps reg mood, sleep and emotions

these block reabsorption so they stay in synapse longer and have a stronger effect

Simply put, SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) are a type of antidepressant that help increase the level of serotonin in your brain.
Serotonin is a chemical that helps regulate mood, sleep, and emotions. SSRIs block the reabsorption (reuptake) of serotonin into nerve cells, so more of it stays available to help improve mood and reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety.

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20
Q

GABA

A

gamma aminobutruc acid =
main inh of the central NS
major resp = calm the brain

drugs that inc the amount of gaba in the synapse = treat anxiety

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21
Q

barbiturates

A

used fr years ot treat anxiety, but replaced with less toxic options.

cause sedation and induce sleep

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22
Q

benzodiazepine

A

enhance the effects of Gaba

fast acting, highly addictive

develop tolerance and become chemical dependent on them

long term use = aggression, agitation, panic

23
Q

paradoxical effect

A

the drug is actually causing symptoms it is not intended to treat

meds causing opp effect to which you would normally expect

24
Q

Electroconvulsive therapy

A

used in cases of treatment resistant depression and schizophrenia

use of electrical currents delivered to brain to induce seizures

patients are typically sedated while a low voltage current is administered.

if effective = alleviates depressive symptoms up to 70%

but relapse rate is high, if need it once, would prolly need it more then symptoms reappear

side effects = mental confusion, ST memory loss
go away after 2 weeks

25
transcranial magnetic stimulation
non invasive proceudre uses electromagnetic to stimulate portions of the brain produces small magnetic pulses = feel like taps to the head. pass through skull, barely through brain and inc or dec neuronal activity magnetic pulses are loud and device is sometimes near ears so wear earplugs.
26
rTMS
when taps are delivered in quick succession = repetitive TMS longer lasting changes to brain activityide
27
side effects of TMS
mild headache, fainting, scalp pain, seizure activity
28
psychosurgery
operation in which psychological disorders are addressed using surgical procedures psychiatrists collab w neurosurgeon to conduct it. remove of destroy small pieces of the brain though to cause mental disfunction
29
prefrontal lobotomy
treat severe cases of psychosis severed the connection of the prefrontal lobe to the rest of the brain. reduce severity of symptoms associated with mental disorders
30
risks of psychosurgery
seizures, cognitive deficit, death
31
DBS
deep brain stimulation more modern form implanting electrodes in the brain to electrically stimulate certain areas neurostimulator operates w a battery and is similar to a pacemaker. currents help prevent signals that cause psychiatric sympons used for treatment resistant cases
32
insight therapist's job
examine or analyze an indv unconscious processes their fantasies, dreams, sexual desires in order to being them to conscious awareness
33
pychoanalysis
intensive from of psychotherapy may lie on a couch with therapist to the side/behind/ out of sight
34
free association
saying everything that comes to mind without censoring themselves therapist takes note of recurring themes, metaphors, and memories = provide insight on unconscious
35
freudian slip
error in speech, memory or action that is thought to reveal an unconscious though/feeling/beelid.
36
dream analysis
imp tool in psychoanalysis exploring the manifest content = what indv remembers to uncover the latent content = part of the dream that reveals deeper insight into the patients thoughts/feelings, and behaviours
37
resistance
therapist pays attention to behaviour if approaching toot of specific problem, the unconscious mind may create mind block to resist therapy resistance = when patient stops cooperating in psychoanalysis s
38
forms of resistance
repression = missed appts or forgotten dreams denial = insist they have recovered and no longer need therapy regression = desier to return to previously resolved problems
39
transference
tells you a breakthrough is about to occur = special form of resistance when patient redirects feelings for another person into the therapist hints that the ind.'s hidden memories and conflicts are getting close to conscious awareness. can clarify childhood relationships the patient had with adult figures in the past
40
systemic desensitization
counterconditioning technique treat patients whose anxiety is so overwhelming that it interferes with day to day life
41
steps of desensitization
teaching relaxation skills in absence of anxiety provoking sinus (deep breathing excerise, muscle relaxation exercises) establish a fear hierarchy chart ranking stimuli from least to most distressing then give ranking bn 1-100 bottom = no distress 100 = extreme anxiety even thought of it distresses them practise relaxation in presence of low stimulus and work up.
42
imaginal exposure
create vivid but safe imagined experiences of stressful evens imagine it and practice using relaxing tools so when actually doing it apply the learned techniques. replace the learned anxiety with a pleasurable sensation of calm.
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but can take months, so we use flooding
uses extinction to reduce responding to anxiety inducing stimulus flooding = a client is exposed to the stimulus and not allowed to escape until they are able to relax.
44
extinction
occurs when stimulus no longer produces a conditional response.
45
humanistic therapy
treat anxiety, dpression, personality disorders and substance related disorders, guide an ind.'s self actualizing tendency
46
self actualizing tendency
as an ind.'s natural inclination to reach their full potential
47
person centred therapy what is it + founded on 3 basic conditions
strong ficus on the patients own role in their treatment 3 conditions = unconditional positive regard = accepting, respectful and caring teds the patient even if they don't agree with patients views or bahevious should demonstrate they believe the patient is doing as best as they can empathy = show understanding of patients problems and emotions. don't feel sorry (sympathy) but understanding congruence = therapist is genuine and authentic body language match word therapist is saying
48
cognitive therapy to treat depression
adresses dysfunctional thinking by focusing on the connection bn how an indv evaluates events and the resulting emotions indv are trained to identify negative froms of thinking and encouraged to re evaluate believes works with patient to retrain how they think about their daily lives.
49
thought record
patients write out their thoughts with the goal of finding healthier ways of thinking
50
cognitive distorsioni
exaggerated misperceptions of actual life events
51
all or nothing thinking
indv sees a situation in only 2 caters instead of a spectrum I get A's or I fail
52
discounting the +
indv believes that positive attributes and experiences do not count I was only hired because I got lucky
53
catastrophizing
indv makes negative prediction about future without considering other, more likely possibilities ill never be able to learn all this material before my exam

PSY1102 (7 decks)

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