Treatment Of Phobias

Question 1

Name 3 relaxation techniques

Answer 1

Progressive muscle relaxation
Diaphragmatic breathing
Attention focus

Question 2

What problems are associated with attention focus relaxation techniques?

Answer 2

It’s a type of avoidance behaviour and doesn’t address the problem

Question 3

Who developed systematic desensitisation?

Answer 3

Wolpe 1958

Question 4

What’s the difference in systematic desensitisation and in vivo desensitisation?

Answer 4

Systematic - imagined

In vivo - real life

Question 5

SD is effective for what?

Answer 5

Specific phobias

Question 6

What did Lang & Lazovick 1963 Conclude about sd?

Answer 6

It has immediate and long term effects for specific phobias

Question 7

How does SD work?

Answer 7

Client learns relaxation techniques
Works through an imagined heirarchy or fears
Until they can successfully imagine facing the fear whilst staying relaxed

Question 8

What’s different in in vivo?

Answer 8

The client actually comes into contact with the feared stimulus rather than imagining it

Question 9

What support did McGrath et al 1990 provide?

Answer 9

75% of clients had clinically significantly improved

Question 10

Who found SD and in vivo was effective in 60-80% clients? And relapse was common in 50% of participants after 6months

Answer 10

Craske and Barlow 1993

Question 11

Barlow and Durrand 1995 found what?

Answer 11

Over exposure of the phobic stimulus in in vivo desensitisation can intensify the phobia and make it worse

Question 12

What did shabani and fisher 2006 find?

Answer 12

SD is effective in reducing fear in an autistic teenager who had a fear of needles

Question 13

What did Conyers & Mitenberger 2004 find about in vivo desensitisation?

Answer 13

It is effective in reducing anxiety in fear of the dentist it is more effective than video modelling

Question 14

What is SD and in vivo effective for?

Answer 14

Reducing phobia in specific objects or situations

Question 15

Functional analysis just he done to avoid overexposing the client according to who?

Answer 15

Barlow and Durrand 1995

Question 16

What’s the problem with SD?

Answer 16

It depends on the clients ability to use imagination if it isn’t vivid the treatment won’t be effective

Question 17

Some research shows what about relaxation and heirarchy?

Answer 17

They are not required/introduction of flooding therapy

Question 18

How is flooding therapy different to SD and in vivo?

Answer 18

Client is exposed immediately there is no relaxing

Question 19

The theory behind flooding is what?

Answer 19

The client has to unlearn the feared response very quickly

Question 20

Why is there a high drop out rate of flooding?

Answer 20

The client is exposed to high intense feelings of fear

Question 21

Why does the sessions last long periods of time?

Answer 21

Initially the fear and anxiety levels are intense and high but the body cannot maintain these for long periods of time. Eventually these will die down the client will feel calm and learn there is nothing to be afraid of

Question 22

What’s the major upside to flooding?

Answer 22

It is time and cost effective

Question 23

What does drug therapy do?

Answer 23

Controls levels of neurotransmitters in the brain

Question 24

Drugs may treat the symptoms but what is the issue?

Answer 24

They don’t get to the root of the problem or provide coping strategies

Question 25

What does cognitive therapies attempt to do?

Answer 25

To manipulate the conscious distorted and catastrophic thoughts people with phobias typically have - Beck 1976

Question 26

What’s the 3 types of cognitive therapy?

Answer 26

Cognitive rehearsal
Cognitive restructuring
Cognitive behavioural group therapy ** particularly good for social phobias

Question 27

What do relaxation techniques attempt to do??

Answer 27

Decrease HR, reduce muscle tension and encourage deep breathing