Explanations For Phobias Flashcards
What do the symptoms of phobias include?
Intense and irrational feelings of fear and anxiety which could cause a panic attack
Avoidant behaviours - the person displays extreme behaviours to ensure they don’t encounter the feared object
Phobias are made up of what?
Operant reinforcers and respondent behaviours
Classical conditioning explains phobias how?
By pairing a fear provoking stimulus with a neutral stimulus will eventually cause the NS to cause fear
What’s the main key study to explain classical conditioning?
The case of little Albert - Watson 1920
Who’s case showed a young woman who developed a fear of running water after her feet got trapped in a rock near a waterfall?
Bagby 1922
DiGallo 1998 found what?
Upto 20% of people who had experienced a road accident had a severe phobia of travel
What criticisms do bagby an Digallo receive??
Although their work suggests we learn phobia through one off traumatic events it doesn’t explain obscure or social phobias
Case studies are what?
Extremely subjective and hard to generalise
How does the cognitive approach explain phobias?
They are developed through catastrophic thinking and misinterpretation of a situation
Who said phobias are “a persistent and unreasonable fear of an object, activity or situation”
Comer 2008
