Treatment for Addiction

Question 1

Which drug was used to treat morphine addiction in 1898?

Answer 1

Heroin.

Question 2

Which drug was prescribed in 1995 that resulted in a drug abuse epidemic in the US?

Answer 2

Opiods.

Question 3

What is the aim of agonist-based drugs for treating addiction?

Answer 3

To counter withdrawal and reduce cravings by mimicking the effects of the drug.

Question 4

How would you reduce the severity of withdrawal to treat an opiod addiction?

Answer 4

Prescribe an opiod which is slower acting.

Question 5

What is the aim of antagonist-based drugs for treating addiction?

Answer 5

They reduce the effects of the drug.

Question 6

Which drugs are used to treat opiod addiction?

Answer 6

Methadone and Buprenorphine.

Question 7

Which drugs are used to treat alcohol abuse?

Answer 7

Naltrexone, Acamprosate and Disulfriam.

Question 8

Define the drug Methadone.

Answer 8

A full opiod receptor agonist that is slow-acting.

Question 9

Define the drug Buprenorphine.

Answer 9

A partial opiod agonist.

Question 10

Define the drug Naltrexone.

Answer 10

An opiod receptor antagonist.

Question 11

What is an agonist?

Answer 11

Chemical that binds to a receptor and activates it to produce a response.

Question 12

What is an antagonist?

Answer 12

Chemical that binds to a receptor and avoids or dampens its response.

Question 13

What is the effect of the drug Acamprosate?

Answer 13

It has mixed effects on GABA receptors with no specific target.

Question 14

What is the effect of Disulfiram on alochol abuse?

Answer 14

It increases sensitivity to acute negative effects of alcohol, and blocks the metabolism of ethanol.

Question 15

How does CBT help reduce the effects of drug addiction?

Answer 15

Extinction to cues associated with drug-use reduce the ability of cues to elicit cravings, and it provides patients with the skills to cope with cravings.

Question 16

What did Conklin & Tiffany (2001) find about exposure therapy?

Answer 16

They reviewed studies that followed-up on patients after exposure therapy, and found that most studies had no long-lasting benefit to patients.

Question 17

What is Contingency Management?

Answer 17

A form of behavioural therapy in which individuals are rewarded for not taking a drug. Liussier et al (2006) stated that it one of the most effective methods of drug treatment.

Question 18

State two examples of contingency management.

Answer 18

Being paid in vouchers for negative drug tests.

Allowing an individual to work after a negative drug test.

Question 19

What did Heileg et al. (2016) find out about the influence of social connectedness on self-administration in monkeys?

Answer 19

Monkeys that were subordinate were more likely that dominant monkeys to self-administer cocaine.