Treatment for Addiction Flashcards
Which drug was used to treat morphine addiction in 1898?
Heroin.
Which drug was prescribed in 1995 that resulted in a drug abuse epidemic in the US?
Opiods.
What is the aim of agonist-based drugs for treating addiction?
To counter withdrawal and reduce cravings by mimicking the effects of the drug.
How would you reduce the severity of withdrawal to treat an opiod addiction?
Prescribe an opiod which is slower acting.
What is the aim of antagonist-based drugs for treating addiction?
They reduce the effects of the drug.
Which drugs are used to treat opiod addiction?
Methadone and Buprenorphine.
Which drugs are used to treat alcohol abuse?
Naltrexone, Acamprosate and Disulfriam.
Define the drug Methadone.
A full opiod receptor agonist that is slow-acting.
Define the drug Buprenorphine.
A partial opiod agonist.
Define the drug Naltrexone.
An opiod receptor antagonist.
What is an agonist?
Chemical that binds to a receptor and activates it to produce a response.
What is an antagonist?
Chemical that binds to a receptor and avoids or dampens its response.
What is the effect of the drug Acamprosate?
It has mixed effects on GABA receptors with no specific target.
What is the effect of Disulfiram on alochol abuse?
It increases sensitivity to acute negative effects of alcohol, and blocks the metabolism of ethanol.
How does CBT help reduce the effects of drug addiction?
Extinction to cues associated with drug-use reduce the ability of cues to elicit cravings, and it provides patients with the skills to cope with cravings.
What did Conklin & Tiffany (2001) find about exposure therapy?
They reviewed studies that followed-up on patients after exposure therapy, and found that most studies had no long-lasting benefit to patients.
What is Contingency Management?
A form of behavioural therapy in which individuals are rewarded for not taking a drug. Liussier et al (2006) stated that it one of the most effective methods of drug treatment.
State two examples of contingency management.
Being paid in vouchers for negative drug tests.
Allowing an individual to work after a negative drug test.
What did Heileg et al. (2016) find out about the influence of social connectedness on self-administration in monkeys?
Monkeys that were subordinate were more likely that dominant monkeys to self-administer cocaine.
