TRC Flashcards
1
Q
TRC
A
- court-like body
- Promotion of national unity and reconciliation act 1995
- investigate human rights violations 1960-1994
2
Q
3 committees of TRC
A
- Human rights violations
- Amnesty
- Reparations and Rehabilitation
3
Q
aims of TRC
A
- Reveal truth
- stress the need for a culture of HR
- find what and why things happened
- set a straight historical narrative
- make whites aware of horrors
- create empathy
- national catharsis
- “rainbow nation”
4
Q
Context
A
- Decided in negotiations
- agreed as a provision in interim constitution
- many keen for amnesty
- many offenders let off on technicalities
5
Q
why 1960 onwards
A
- Sharpeville Massacre increased violence
- ANC and PAC banned after sharpeville
- Turning point
6
Q
How did victim hearings differ
A
- victims were invited
- only asked questions if necessary
- No cross-examinations
7
Q
TRC membership
A
- 17 commissioners
- Chairperson- Archbishop Desmond Tutu
- deputy- Dr Alex Boraine
- 300 members
- research led by Chalres Villa-Vincencio
8
Q
How long was TRC active
A
- 6 years
- first hearing in east london 15 April 1996
- final report-1998
- applications processed until 31 May 2001
9
Q
Human rights committee
A
- Invited people to testify
- Public & broadcasted
- Only Gross violations
- Applications long and confusing
- only focused on the worst violations in a certain time
- Christian overrtones- push for forgiveness
- people felt heard and respected
10
Q
Amnesty committee
A
- headed by Judge Hassan Mall
- deputy- judge Andre wilson
- act needed political motivation
- Full revelation, admit guilt
- Act Proportional to Intention
- could recommend prosectution
- had to apply for individual crimes
- only 8% given amnesty
11
Q
Adriaan Vlok
A
First NP to apply
Amnesty in 1999
12
Q
Gideon Nieuwoudt
A
- security policemen
- wet bag torture
- denied amnesty for Steve Biko and pebco 3
- denied amnesty for Motherwell four
- granted for Siphiwo Mtimkulu
- sentenced 20 years and died waiting for appeal
13
Q
Eugene de Kock
A
- Prime Evil
- leader if CK death squad in Vlakplaas
- Convicted of 89 count of crime against humanity
- 212 years
- showed location of graves
14
Q
Dr Wouter Basson
A
- Doctor death
- head of secre chemical warfare
- poisoning
- researched drugs- Mandrax and Ecstasy
- refused to apply
- 30 month trial
- acquitted in 2003 on tehcnicality
15
Q
Craig Williamson
A
- spy and assassin
- lead dirty trucks campaign
- ruth first letter
- granted amnesty
