Travel Lecture Flashcards
Attenuated live virus vaccine Administered at designated centers Only one injection required Protection afforded for 10 years Areas of risk: Equatorial Africa, Central and South America
Yellow fever
Female Anopheles mosquito
Plasmodium vivax, ovale, falciparum, malariae
Malaria
Female anopheles mosquitoes are…
Silent and night biting
Malaria is transmitted from Sporozoites in mosquito ______
saliva
P. Ovale and vivax both have a…
dormant liver stage
Falciparum is…
Malignant
Malariae is….
Chronic
1) Fever, chills, ha, myalgias, nausea
2) Diarrhea, abdominal pain, fatigue, confusion
3) Fevers become cyclic
4) Complications-DIC, splenic rupture, anemia
Malaria
- decrease parasite load
2. then eradicate parasite
2 principle therapy of malaria tx
- DEET
- Appropriate Clothing
- Permethrin
- Screens
Mosquito protection
Chloroquine Mefloquine Doxycycline Atovaquone Primaquine
Malaria chemoprophylaxis
- E. Coli
- Shigella/Salmonella
- Campylobacter
- Viral
- Parasites
- Unknown
Etiology of travelers diarrhea
About 50% of travelers diarrhea due to…
E. coli
- Abrupt onset of loose stools
- Abdominal cramping
- Rectal urgency
*usually self limited
Travelers diarrhea
Immunosuppressed
inflammatory bowel dz
H2 blockers, PPIs, antacids
high risk of developing travelers diarrhea
- dietary restrictions
- pepto bismol
- immodium
- lomotil
- lactobacillus
- oral rehydration
Travelers diarrhea tx
Fluoroquinolones
Rifaximin (Xifaxan)
Not recommended for routine use
Increased risk of resistant pathogens
Prophylaxis for travelers diarrhea (not usually recommended)
Effective and proven - antibiotics Short course – 3 Days Pepto Bismol – Less effective Antibiotics a) Quinolones b) Rifaximin c) Azithromicin Fluid-fluid-fluid
Travelers diarrhea tx
