Trauma shock bleeding control

Question 1

Clotting phase 1 (cellular stage of shock)

Answer 1

Vascular phase-vasoconstriction

Question 2

Clotting phase 2 (cellular stage of shock)

Answer 2

Platelet phase-
Tunica intima damaged
Turbulent blood flow
Frictional damage to platelets
Agglutination and aggregation

Question 3

Clotting phase 3 (cellular stage of shock)

Answer 3

Coagulation-
Release of enzymes
Extrinsic – nearby tissue
Intrinsic – damaged platelets
Fibrin release
Normal coagulation in 7–10 minutes

Question 4

Good MAP

Answer 4

60 to perfuse organs

Question 5

Stage 1 hemorrhage

Answer 5

Compensate- 15% loss of CBV

about 500-750ml

Question 6

Stage 2 hemorrhage

Answer 6

Early decompensation- 15-25% loss of CBV 750-1250ml

Question 7

Stage 3 hemorrhage

Answer 7

Late decompensation (early irreversible)- 25-30% 1250-1750ml CBV

Question 8

Stage 4 hemorrhage

Answer 8

> 35% CBV >1750ml IRREVERSIBLE

Question 9

Beta blockers do what for a Pt going into shock?

Answer 9

Prevents the patient from compensating

Question 10

Beta blockers do what for a Pt going into shock?

Answer 10

Prevents the patient from compensating

Question 11

Erythropoietin

Answer 11

Increases production and maturation of RBCs in the bone marrow

Released from the kidneys during hypoxia or hypoperfusion

Question 12

Transverse laceration (clean tear)

Answer 12

Constricts and draws inward

Question 13

Longitudinal laceration (crush injury)

Answer 13

constricts the smooth muscle which increases the size of the wound and increases blood loss.

Question 14

4 stages of cellular shock

Answer 14

Stage 1: Vasoconstriction
Stage 2: Capillary and venule opening
Stage 3: Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Stage 4: Multiple organ failure

Question 15

Define Adult shock

Answer 15

> 15 yrs

Systolic BP

Question 16

Define Pediatric Shock

Answer 16

180; >5 yrs >160
Pallor, mottling or cyanosis
Diaphoresis
Comparison of peripheral vs central pulses

Question 17

Physiological response to hemorrhage

Answer 17

This vascular reaction involves:
Local vasoconstriction
Formation of a platelet plug
Coagulation
Growth of tissue into the blood clot that permanently closes and seals the injured vessel