Trauma Assessment

Question 1

In regards to the primary survey of the trauma assessment, what does ABCDE stand for?

Answer 1

Airway

breathing

circulation

disability- neuro status

exposure - quick scan

Question 2

STUDY GCS AND TAKE QUIZ BRAEDYN SENT!

Answer 2

NOW

Question 3

During the secondary survery, what are the 7 areas of the body that primarily need to be checked?

Answer 3

Head

Neck

Chect

Abdomen

Pelvis

Extremities

posterior

Question 4

While assessing these 7 areas during the secondary survey, what is DCAP_BTLS?

Answer 4

You are searching for:

Deformities, contusions, abraisions, punctures

Burns, tenderness, lacerations, swelling

Question 5

What does AMPLE stand for in regards to the trauma assessment?

Answer 5

Allergies

Medications currently used

Past illness/pregnancy

Last meal

Events/environment related to the injury

Question 6

What does AMPLE stand for?

Answer 6

allergies

medications currently used

past illness/pregnancy

last meal

events/environments related to the injury

Question 7

After getting the client on the backboard and filled all of the voids with padding, what do you secure first, the head or the body?

Answer 7

THE BODY

then the head

Question 8

if someone is in an MVC and they didnt use the seatbelt correctly, only using the lap part of the strap, what kind of injuries would we worry about?

Answer 8

Abdmonial injuries

Question 9

Rebound tenderness in abdomen related to trauma?

Answer 9

Bleeding, gastric contents free floating

Question 10

what is kehrs sign? what does it indicate?

Answer 10

this is left upper quadrant pain that radiates to the left shoulder, it is indicative of splenic injury.

this happens because the injured area irritates the phrenic nerve, making the pain travel to the left shoulder

Question 11

What are some signs that a liver injury is non-surgical?

Answer 11

hemodynamically stable

no peritoneal signs

little intraperitoneal blood

need for fewer than two transfusion

Question 12

Can you lose a lot of blood from both the liver and the spleen?

Answer 12

YES

Question 13

What can deceleration do in the abdomen?

Answer 13

It can tear the aorta from what secures it and cause a rupture, also it can tear the intestines away from its secure position, ect…

Question 14

What is DPL in a short description? Is this used often?

Answer 14

a catheter is introduced through an incision in the abdomen which then has saline run into the abdomen and is pulled out, if blood is present when saline is pulled from cavity more than likely a significant injury has occured.

This is not often used, usually in an unstable patient.

Question 15

What are some other methods of assessing for abdominal trauma?

Answer 15

ultrasound and CT

Question 16

In a pregnant patient what is the most vulnerable portion of the abdomen with blunt trauma?

Answer 16

the uterus becomes much more vulnerable, it displaces the colon into the upper abdomen and protects it somewhat from blunt trauma.

Question 17

In late gestation, when the baby starts to descend, are pelvic fractures a risk for trauma to the fetal head?

Answer 17

YES

Question 18

With how much blood loss in a pregnant client may you start to see signs of hypovolemia in the mom and fetus?

Answer 18

after 1200ml-1500ml

Question 19

What can a normal PaCO2 mean in a pregnant woman, why?

Answer 19

this can mean impending respiratory failure because pregnant women tend to run more hypocapnic due to their increased respiratory rate.

Question 20

How should a pregnant woman be positioned in order to reduce uterine pressure on the inferior vena cava?

Answer 20

LEFT SIDE

Question 21

How much blood can you lose with a humerus, tibia, femur, and pelvic fracture?

Answer 21

humerus - 0.5-1.5L

tibia - 0.5-1.5L

femur - 1.0-2.5L

pelvis - 1.0-4.0L

Question 22

Is an open or closed pelvic fracture at higher risk for exsanguination?

Answer 22

OPEN

Question 23

What does the basic care for a fracture consist of?

Answer 23

reduce edema: Ice, elevate, remove jewelry, and remove restrictive clothing

reduce pain

antibiotic prophylaxis for open fractures

fluid replacement for hypovolemia

Stabilization of bone ends above and below fracture

Question 24

What is the big difference between anterior, posterior and central cord syndromes?

Answer 24

central - disproportionately greater motor impairment in upper extremities than lower extremities, and some degree of sensory loss below level of injury

Anterior - complete motor paralysis

Posterior - loss of proprioception and vibration sensation

Question 25

How do you differentiate spinal shock from neurogenic shock?

Answer 25

Spinal - loss of motor and sensory function, inability to maintain temperature

Neurogenic - loss of sympathetic nervous stimulation, hypotension, bradycardia, ortho hypotension

Question 26

How do you preserve an amputated limb?

Answer 26

Cover it with saline covered gauze, put in a plastic bag, and put in ice water

PREVENT FREEZING

Question 27

Describe rhabdomyolysis. What can cause this?

Answer 27

This is where excessice and rapid muscle breakdown releases large amounts of myoglobin and other products into the blood stream and harm the kidneys, primarily..

Crush injuries

Question 28

Do you elevate limbs with suspected compartment syndrome? Why?

Answer 28

NO

it increases ischemia

Question 29

Describe some s/s of compartment syndrome.

Answer 29

sensory deficit (EARLIEST SIGN)

progressive muscle weakness

tense swollen area

increased pain

pallor and pulselessness distally (LATE)