Trauma

Question 1

How is the presentation of a pt with a hip fracture different than a pt with a hip dislocation?

Answer 1

Fracture usually lateral rotation outward

Question 2

Difference between sprain, fracture and dislocation

Answer 2

Sprain - twisted or stretched beyond normal range of motion

Fracture - the brake of a bone

Dislocation - distal ends of bone are no longer joined together

Question 3

Difference between Contusion and a concussion

Answer 3

Contusion - bruising of injured body part

Concussion - overall trauma to brain. May be no damage

Question 4

How to treat burn it with full thkness burn to large area of body vs large partial thickness burn

Answer 4

Dry sterile dressing, rapid transportation

Question 5

Difference between laceration, avulsion and hematoma

Answer 5

Laceration - cut

Avulsion - open wound usually attached with flap of skin

Hematoma - swelling under the skin

Question 6

Difference between comminuted, transverse, impacted and spiral fracture

Answer 6

Comminuted - break in the bone into 2 or more fragments

Transverse - break straight across the bone

Spiral - twisting force applied to bone causing break

Impacted - either end of the bone is subjected to compressing force cause break

Question 7

Paradoxical movement. What pts do we see this in?

Answer 7

Movement of two or more ribs broken in two or more places, moving in opposite direction to rib cage.
Usually seen in trauma pts with blunt force trauma to rib cage

Question 8

What is triage

Answer 8

Assignment of degrees of urgency to wounds or illnesses to decide the order of treatment of a large number of patients or casualties.

Question 9

Treatment of sucking chest wound

Answer 9

Dry area, place occlusive dressing, check posterior aspect for 2ndary wound

Question 10

How to c-spine geriatric and pediatric PT’s

Answer 10

Peds - towel under shoulders, size collar, log roll into peds backboard.

Geriatric - padding for voids, don’t force body into anatomical position. Size collar

Question 11

How to treat pt with avulsed upper eyelid

Answer 11

Irrigate with sterile saline, put flap back down in place, never remove flap.

Question 12

How and why to splint broken extremities

Answer 12

Always PMS prior and post splint. Immobilization of bone, above and below the break (joint to joint). Never cover the fracture.

To stabilize the extremity and prevent further injury

Question 13

How to transport pregnant trauma pt

Answer 13

Left lateral recumbent

Question 14

Reliable signs that responsive pt has a spinal cord injury

Answer 14

Low BP, Low Pulse (slowing), possible parasthesia.

Question 15

Difference between Compensated, decompensated and irreversible shock.

Answer 15

Compensated - normal to high BP, pulse, skin (w,p,d)

Decompensated - tachycardia, hypotension, c,p,d skin

Irreversible - unable to effect change on pt.

Question 16

Is a drop in BP for trauma pt an early or late sign

Answer 16

LATE

Question 17

How do superficial burns present

Answer 17

Red skin, painful, dry. No blistering. (Sunburn)

Question 18

When do we apply a tourniquet?

Answer 18

When direct pressure and bulky dressings have failed to control bleeding.

Question 19

Most common cause of shock and death in trauma pt

Answer 19

Hemorrhagic shock

Question 20

Diff between dressing and a bandage

Answer 20

Bandages hold dressing. Dressings cover wounds directly.

Question 21

What is a major concern with badly fractured ribs

Answer 21

Pneumothorax

Question 22

Treatment for fractured clavicle

Answer 22

Sling and swathe

Question 23

Common complications of applying slings, bandage or tourniquet improperly.

Answer 23

Possibility of further Injury or harm