Trauma Flashcards
What are the 3 systems to always consider when dealing with chest trauma?
airway, lungs, heart
The injuries to be identified and treated in the thoracic region during the primary survey are: 6?
airway obstruction, tension, open pneumo, tamponade, hemothorax, flail chest and pulmonary contusion.
what is gold standard diagnosis for traumatic aortic injuries?
Angiography is considered the gold standard and only performed if the spiral CT is unequivocal.
How to treat the following? Hemodynamically unstable patients: Tension Pneumothorax: Pneumothorax: Open Pneumothorax: Hemothorax: Flail Chest: Cardiac Tamponade:
Fluids needle decompresison then tube tube 3 sided valve dressing and tube tube Symptomatic support with intubation and ventilation as needed pericardiocentesis
where to do needle decompression and where to place chest tube?
mid clavicular 2nd intercostal
mid axillary, 5th space
Physical exam findings that suggests a compromise of the airway include 3 main things?
stridor, muffled voice, difficulty handling secretions
mechanism and loss in central cord syndrome?
extension injury
motor in UE
mechanism and loss in anterior cord syndrome?
flexion
loss of motor and pain and temp below lesion
brown sequard loss and mechanism?
penetrating
ipsilateral loss of motor and sensory
contralateral loss of pain and temp
NEXUS Criteria for C –Spine imaging
Patient requires imaging if any of the following is present: 5 things?
Focal neurologic deficit Midline C-spine tenderness to palpation Altered level of consciousness Patient is intoxicated Distracting injury is present
Where is zone 1, zone 2, and zone 3 of the neck and best diagnostic test for the area?
1: below cricoid cartilage, angiography
2: angle of manible to cricoid, cta
3: above angle of mandible, angiography
What is gold standard image for larynx?
cervical spine?
esophagus?
vascular injury?
CT
CT
endoscopy
angiography
What is going on with neruogenic shock?
spinal cord injury leading to loss of sympathetic tone so massive VD and bradycardia
For stable patients with abdominal trauma, the cornerstone of diagnosis is?
CT
The bedside sonogram (US) has become standard of care when evaluating patients with what type of abdominal trauma?
blunt force
