Trauma Flashcards
What is an emergency
Chemical ocular injury
What is worse acid or alkali
Alkali as penetrates cornea fast to damage intraocular contents
What does damage depend on
Chemical
Duration
First aid given
What do you do
Immediate copious irrigation with saline
Topical anaeshtesia
Urgent referral
What do you do when stable
Topical Ax Lubricant Steroid Cycloplegic Vitamin C may aid healing process
What do you do if blunt trauma to eye
Ophthalmology referral Bed rest Head elevation Analgesia Topical steroid Topical cycloplegia IOP lowering if needed
What is risk
Risk of rebelled in 3-5 days in 30%
What can penetrating trauma cause
Corneal or sclera laceration Severe haemorrhage Irregular pupil Extrusion of intraocular content Limited movement Cataract Retinal detachment
How do you investigat e
X-ray / CT orbit
Immediate referral
How do you treat
Stop examination Eye shield No eyedrops or ointment Tetanus prophylaxis Systemic Ax NBM
What do you do for FB
Remove using cotton body
Topical Ax - chlorophenicol
Refer if can’t remove
What can blunt trauma present with
Subconjunctival haemorrhage Hyphaema - pooling of blood in anterior chamber Iris sphincter rupture Cataract Vitreous haemorrhage
What is commonly used in trauma
USS
What is Hyphaemia
Pooling of blood in anterior chamber due to rupture of iris blood vessel
What causes
Blunt trauma
Ocular surgery
Abnormal vessel growth
How od you Rx
Majority resolve
May need drainage to prevent glaucoma as will raised IOP
