trauma

Question 1

teratology?

Answer 1

Science that studies the causes of abnormal development

Question 2

types of anomalies

• malformations
• disruptions
• deformations
• syndromes

Answer 2

MALFORMATIONS
- Occur during formation of structures
• Complete or partial absence
• Alterations of its normal configuration
DISRUPTIONS
– Morphological alterations of structures after formation
• Due to destructive processes
– Vascular accidents Þ bowel atresias
DEFORMATIONS
– Due to mechanical forces that mold a part of fetus over a prolonged period of time
• Clubfeet due to compression in the amniotic cavity
SYNDROMES
– Group of anomalies occurring together with a specific common etiology

Question 3

osteoporosis?

chronic, progressive metabolic bone disease

Answer 3

Characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration
Normal homeostatic bone remodeling is altered – the rate of bone resorption is greater than the rate of bone formation
females>males

Question 4

what is osteoporosis characterised by?

Answer 4

– Porous bone

– Structural deterioration of bone tissue – Increased bone fragility

Question 5

osteomalacia?

Answer 5

Decalcification and softening of the bone

- due to vitamin D deficiency

Question 6

aetiology of osteomalacia?

Answer 6

– Lack of exposure to

– GI malabsorption, extensive burns, chronic diarrhea, pregnancy, drugs such as Dilantin.

Question 7

signs and symptoms - osteomalacia?

Answer 7

• Most Common
– Difficulty rising from a chair – Difficulty walking
• Additional Signs and Symptoms
– Low back pain, muscle weakness
– Weight loss, progressive deformities

Question 8

neoplasia

Answer 8

the presence or formation of new, abnormal growth of tissue.