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Podiatry > Trauma > Flashcards

Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

What are the signs of compartment syndrome?

A

Pain out of proportion, pallor, paresthesias, paralysis, pulselessness

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2
Q

What are the compartments of the foot?

A

Medial, lateral, superficial, adductor, calcaneal and 4 interossei

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3
Q

What is the normal Bohler’s angle? Does it increase or decrease with calc fx?

A

Normal is 25-40. Decreases with fx

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4
Q

What is the normal Gissane’s angle? Does it increase or decrease with calc fx?

A

Normal is 120-145. Increases with fx

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5
Q

What is Hoffa sign?

A

Decreased PF strength due to comminuted calc fx

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6
Q

What is Mondor’s sign?

A

Ecchymosis around heel due to calc fx

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7
Q

What is fleck sign?

A

Avulsion between mets 1 and 2 due to lisfranc injury

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8
Q

What types of injuries should compartment syndrome be expected?

A

Calc fx, lisfranc injuries, pilon fractures, high velocity injuries

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9
Q

What is treatment for a Jahss 1?

A

ORIF - no disruption of intersesamoid ligament makes closed reduction problematic

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10
Q

What is the Hardcastle equivalent of a Quenu and Kuss divergent injury?

A

Hardcastle C1 and C2

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11
Q

What is the Hardcastle equivalent of a Quenu and Kuss homolateral/convergent injury?

A

Hardcastle A

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12
Q

What is the Hardcastle equivalent of a Quenu and Kuss isolateral injury?

A

Hardcastle B1 and B2

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13
Q

What is a Watson & Jones Type 1?

A

Tuberosity fx of navicula - nutcracker syndrome

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14
Q

What is a Watson & Jones Type 2?

A

Dorsal lip fx of navicula

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15
Q

What is a Watson & Jones Type 3a?

A

Transverse body fx of navicula - non displaced

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16
Q

What is a Watson & Jones Type 3b?

A

Transverse body fx of navicula - displaced

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17
Q

What is a Watson & Jones Type 4?

A

Stress fx of naviula

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18
Q

Sanders is a classification for what injury?

A

Calc fx for CT coronal and axial views

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19
Q

What is a Sheperd’s fx?

A

Fx of lateral tubercle of posterior process of the talus

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20
Q

What is a Cedel fx?

A

Fx of the medical tubercle of the posterior process of the talus

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21
Q

What is a Rowe 1a?

A

Calc fx - tubercle

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22
Q

What is a Rowe 1b?

A

Susten tali fx

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23
Q

What is a Rowe 1c?

A

Anterior process fx of calcaneus

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24
Q

What is a Rowe 2a?

A

Fx of posterosuperior aspect of calc - beak fx due to direct trauma

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25
Q

What is a Rowe 2b?

A

Fx of posterosuperior aspect of calc - achilles avulsion

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26
Q

What is a Rowe 3?

A

Oblique calc body fx not involving STJ

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27
Q

What is a Rowe 4?

A

Calc body fx involving STJ

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28
Q

What is a Rowe 5?

A

Central depression calc fx with comminution

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29
Q

What is Broca classification for?

A

STJ dislocations - MC is medial

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30
Q

What is Eckert & Davis classification for?

A

Peroneal subluxation

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31
Q

What is hallmark injury in SAD ankle fx?

A

Vertical fx of medial mal

32
Q

What is hallmark injury in PAB ankle fx?

A

Short oblique fib fx - spiral on AP and transverse on lateral

33
Q

What is hallmark injury in SER ankle fx?

A

Spiral fib fx

34
Q

What is hallmark injury of PER ankle fx?

A

High fib fx

35
Q

What is a Maisonneuve fx?

A

Fib fx within 10cm of fibular head - worry about injury to common peroneal

36
Q

What is a Pott’s fx?

A

Bimalleolar fx

37
Q

What is Cotton’s fx?

A

Trimalleolar fx

38
Q

What is Bosworth’s fx?

A

Lateral mal fx with displacement

39
Q

What is a Tillaux fx?

A

Avulsion of PITFL from tibia

40
Q

What is Wagstaffe fx?

A

Avulsion of PITFL from fibula

41
Q

What is Thurston-Holland sign?

A

Flag sign - In salter harris 2 fx - triangular sign left proximally

42
Q

What is a triplane fx?

A

Peds ankle fx - Type 3 on AP, Type 2/4 on lateral

43
Q

What is Ruedi & Algower classification for?

A

Pilon Fx

44
Q

Describe Gustillo-Anderson type 1

A

Open fx - less than 1cm - tx with ancef

45
Q

Describe Gustillo-Anderson type 2

A

Open fx with wound 1-5 cm - tx with ancef and clinda

46
Q

Describe Gustillo-Anderson type 3a

A

Open fx with wound >5cm with adequate soft tissue coverage - delay fixation - tx with ancef, clinda and aminoglycoside/vanco

47
Q

Describe Gustillo-Anderson type 3b

A

Open fx with wound >5cm with extensive soft tissue damage and periosteal stripping - delay fixaon - tx with ancef, clinda and aminoglycoside/vanco

48
Q

Describe Gustillo-Anderson type 3c

A

Open fx with wound >5cm with arterial damage requiring primary repair - delay fixation - tx with ancef, clinda and aminoglycoside/vanco

49
Q

What is Volkman’s fx?

A

Fx of posterior tibia - only fixate if involves greater than 25% of articular surface

50
Q

What is allodynia?

A

Pain out of proportion for given stimuli

51
Q

What is Volkman’s contracture?

A

Contracture due to compartment syndrome - muscle ischemia –> necrosis –> contractures

52
Q

Describe esses lopresti classification

A

Calc fx - joint depression and tongue type

53
Q

What is Theiman disease?

A

Osteochondritis of phlanges

54
Q

What is Freiberg’s disease?

A

Osteochondritis of met heads (MC 2nd)

55
Q

What is Iselin’s disease?

A

Osteochondritis of 5th met base

56
Q

What is Buschke’s disease?

A

Osteochondritis of cuneiforms

57
Q

What is Kohler’s disease?

A

Osteochondritis of navicula

58
Q

What is Lance disease?

A

Osteochondritis of cubiod

59
Q

What is Sever’s disease?

A

Osteochondritis of calcaneus

60
Q

What is Osgood Schlatter’s disease?

A

Osteochondritis of tibial tuberosity

61
Q

What is Assman’s disease?

A

Osteochondritis of 1st met head

62
Q

What is neurapraxia?

A

Nerve contusion/compression - Sunderland 1

63
Q

What is axontmesis?

A

Axonal damage without endodernial damage - wallerian degeneration - sunderland 2 & 3

64
Q

What is neurontmesis?

A

Partial or complete severance of nerve with complete disruption of endoneurial tubes - sunderland 4 & 5

65
Q

Describe Rosenthall classification

A

Nail bed injuries - zone 1 distal to distal phalanx, zone 2 distal to lunula, zone 3 proximal to lunula

66
Q

What is Treve’s disease?

A

Osteochondritis of fibular sesamoid

67
Q

What bones in the foot have the highest incidence of stress fx?

A

2nd met

68
Q

What are the two types of non unions?

A

Hypertrophic and atrophic

69
Q

What is pseudoarthrosis?

A

False joint formed at fracture site due to incomplete immobilization

70
Q

At what intercompartmental pressure should fasciotomy be considered?

A

30 - 45 mm Hg

71
Q

What is Vassal’s principle?

A

Reduction of dominant fracture will reduce other fractures - fib fx is dominant in ankle fracture

72
Q

What is Sudek’s atrophy?

A

Specific to stage 2 CRPS - osteolysis in spotty pattern

73
Q

What is Renandier’s disease?

A

Osteochondritis of tibial sesamoid

74
Q

What is Diaz disease?

A

Osteochondritis of talus

75
Q

What is Blount’s disease?

A

Osteochondritis of proximal tibia

Podiatry (6 decks)

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