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NREMT > Trauma > Flashcards

Trauma Flashcards

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1
Q

what is arterial bleeding?

A

bleeding from an artery which is seen as bright red blood that is rapid profuse and difficult to control

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2
Q

what is capillary bleeding?

A

bleeding from capillaries which is seen as slow oozing flow of blood

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3
Q

what is cariogenic shock?

A

shock that is brought on by the hearts inadequate pumping action

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4
Q

what is compensated shock?

A

when the pt is developing shock but the body is still able to maintain perfusion

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5
Q

decompensated shock?

A

when the body can no longer compensate fro low blood volume or lack of profusion.

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6
Q

what is a hemorrhage?

A

severe bleeding

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7
Q

what Is hemorrhagic?

A

a type of shock that is a result from blood loss

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8
Q

what is hypovolemic?

A

a type of sock that is a result from blood or fluid loss

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9
Q

neurogenic shock?

A

shock due to nerve paralysis

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10
Q

what is venous bleeding?

A

bleeding from a vein which is sene as dark red steady flow and easy to control.

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11
Q

what is an abrasion?

A

a scratch or scrape

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12
Q

what is a amputation?

A

the surgical removal or traumatic severing of a body part

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13
Q

what is an avulsion?

A

the tearing away of a flap of skin or other soft tissue

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14
Q

what is a hematoma?

A

a swelling caused by the collection go blood under the skin or in damaged tissues as a result of an injured or broken blood vessel

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14
Q

what is a full thickness burn?

A

a burn in which al layers of the skin are damaged

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14
Q

what is the dermis?

A

the inner (second) layer of skin

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14
Q

what is the epidermis?

A

the outer layer of skin

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15
Q

what is a crush injury?

A

an injury caused when force is transmitted from the body’s exterior to its internal structures

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16
Q

what is a laceration?

A

cut

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16
Q

what is the epidermis?

A

the outer layer of skin

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16
Q

what is the dermis?

A

the inner (second) layer of skin

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16
Q

what is a crush injury?

A

an injury caused when force is transmitted from the body’s exterior to its internal structures

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16
Q

what is a laceration?

A

a cut

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17
Q

what is a partial thickness burn

A

a burn in which the first and second layer of skin is burned though. (Red,blistering,and mottled appearance)

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18
Q

what is a puncture wound?

A

an open wound that tears through the skin and destroys underlaying tissues

19
Q

what is a superficial burn?

A

a burn that involves only the first layer of skin. Commonly known as sunburn

20
Q

what is a evisceration?

A

an intestine or other organ protruding through a wound in the abdomen

21
Q

what is flail chest?

A

a fracture of 2 or more ribs in 2 or more places that allows free movement of the fractured segment

22
Q

what is paradoxical motion?

A

movements of ribs in a flail segment that is opposite to the direction of movement of the rest of the chest cavity.

23
Q

what is pneumothorax?

A

air in the chest cavity

24
Q

sucking chest wound?

A

an open chest wound in which air is sucked into the chest cavity

25
Q

tension pneumothorax?

A

a type of pneumothorax in which air that eveners is prevented from escaping

26
Q

angulated fracture?

A

fracture in which the broken bone segments are at an angle to each other

27
Q

closed extremity injury

A

an injury to an extremity with no associated opening in the skin.

28
Q

comminuted fracture

A

a fracture in which the bone is broken in several places.

29
Q

compartment syndrome

A

injury caused when tissues such as blood vessels and nerves are constricted within a space as from swelling or from a tight dressing or cast.

30
Q

crepitus

A

a grating sensation or sound made when fractured bone ends rub together.

31
Q

greenstick fracture

A

an incomplete fracture

32
Q

joints

A

places where bones articulate, or meet.

33
Q

ligament

A

tissue that connects bone to bone.

34
Q

tendon

A

tissue that connects bone to muscle

35
Q

sprain

A

the stretching and tearing of ligaments.

36
Q

strain

A

muscle injury resulting from overstretching or overexertion of the muscle.

37
Q

ataxic respirations

A

a pattern of irregular and unpredictable breathing commonly caused by brain injury.

38
Q

Cheyene-Stokes breathing

A

a distinct pattern of breathing characterized by quickening and deepening respirations followed by a period of apnea.

39
Q

concussion

A

mild closed head injury without detectable damage to the brain. Complete recovery is usually expected.

40
Q

contusion

A

a bruise

41
Q

cranium

A

the bony structure making up the forehead, top, back, and upper sides of the skull.

42
Q

hematoma

A

a swelling caused by the collection of blood under the skin or in damaged tissues as a result of an injured or broken blood vessel. In a head injury, a collection of blood within the skull or brain.

43
Q

what are the signs and symptoms of shock?

A

anxiety
rapid breathing/pulse
really close B/P
skin color change

44
Q

what happens when the brain becomes hypoperfused?

A

Altered mental status

45
Q

what is stroke volume?

A

volume of blood that is pumped out of the left ventricle

46
Q

what is cardiac output?

A

quantity of blood that is pumped by the heart

47
Q

what is vascular resistance?

A

resistance in the circulatory system that creates blood pressure

48
Q

what is crushing triad?

A

For a head injury
Hypertension.
Bradycardia.
Irregular respirations – primarily Cheyne-Stokes breathing.

49
Q

what is Beck’s triad?

A

For cardiac tamponade - when heart is surrounded by blood
- JVD
- Hypotension
- muffled hear sounds

50
Q

what is the treatment for a closed soft tissue injury?

A

R I C E S
rest
ice
compress
elevation
splint

51
Q

what is Cullens sign?

A

hemorrhagic patches of the skin around the pts belly button

52
Q

what is grey turner’s sign?

A

brushing of the skin around the flanks (back/ kidneys)

53
Q

what is hematuria?

A

blood in the urine

54
Q

what is peritonitis?

A

inflammation of the lining of the abdominal wall

55
Q

what is Kehr’s sign?

A

most commonly left shoulder pain due to a spleen rupture.

NREMT (5 decks)

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