Trauma Flashcards
4 rules of fracture management
Resuscitate
Reduce
Restrict
Rehab
Analgesia for MT
IV morphine or atomised diamorphine/ ketamine
Hard signs of vascular injury
Absent pulse
Bruit/thrill
Active or pulsatile haemorrhage
Signs of limb ischaemia
Pulsatile or expanding haematoma
Soft signs of devascularised limb
- Proximity of injury to vascular structures
- Major single nerve deficit
- Non expanding hematoma
- reduced pulses (not absent)
- Posterior knee or anterior knee dislocation
- Hypotension or moderate blood loss at the scene
Loss of pulse differentials in a fracture
Artery compression
Artery contusion
Artery transection
Compartment syndrome
How can you assess the neruo vascular status in a supra condylar fracture?
Complications of a supracondylar fracture?
What are the risk factors for NOF?
Osteoporosis
Metastatic deposits
Paget’s
Osteomalacia
Osteomyelitis
Steroid use
Smoking
Immediate management of NOF
A-E
Analgesia
NBM
LMWH
Foam gutter splint to avoid pressure sores
Management of intertrochanteric fracture
DHS
Followed by fluoroscopic images taken throughout the repair to ensure the maintenance of the fracture in satisfactory reduction and proper positioning of the fixation device.
Management of Garden’s 1 and 2
Cannulated screw
What is full thickness vs partial thickness burn?
A partial thickness burn leaves part or whole of the germinal epithelium intact, so complete healing takes place. A full thickness burn destroys the germinal layer and therefore unless it is very small, can only heal by dense scar tissue.
