Transtheoretical Model

Question 1

What is the transtheoretical model modeled after?

Answer 1

behavior change

Question 2

What are the five stages?

Answer 2

1) Pre-contemplation
2) Contemplation
3) Preparation
4) Action
5) Maintenance

Question 3

What are some of the other components are there besides the stages.

Answer 3

there are also 10 process of change, decision balance, and self-efficacy.

Question 4

What are the 10 processes of change?

Answer 4

• consciousness-raising
• dramatic relief
• environmental reevaluation
• self-reevalution
• self-liberation
• counter-condition
• helping relationship
• reinforcement management
• social liberation
• stimulus control

Question 5

According to transtheoretical model 10 process of change, describe consciousness-raising

Answer 5

effort to acquire information and a better understanding of the behavior (I look for info related to exercise)

Question 6

According to transtheoretical model 10 process of change, describe dramatic relief

Answer 6

feelings related to the behavior (I am afraid of the results to my health if I do not exercise)

Question 7

According to transtheoretical model 10 process of change, describe environmental reevaluation.

Answer 7

individual assesses impact of their behavior on their environment (I realize that if I don’t exercise regularly, I may get ill and be burdens to other)

Question 8

According to transtheoretical model 10 process of change, describe self-reevaluation.

Answer 8

Individual reflects on how a behavior affects his or her life (I feel better about myself when I exercise).

Question 9

According to transtheoretical model 10 process of change, describe self-liberation

Answer 9

A commitment to and belief in behavior change (I believe that I can exercise regularly).

Question 10

According to transtheoretical model 10 process of change, describe counter-conditioning

Answer 10

Replacing the problem behavior with a healthier behavior (when i feel tired, I make myself exercise anyway, because I know I will feel better afterward)

Question 11

According to transtheoretical model 10 process of change, describe helping relationships

Answer 11

Social support for behavior change (my friends encourage me to exercise)

Question 12

According to transtheoretical model 10 process of change, describe reinforcement management

Answer 12

Reward system/outcomes for the behavior (If i engage in regular exercise, I find that I get the benefit of having more energy)

Question 13

According to transtheoretical model 10 process of change, describe social liberation

Answer 13

Awareness of cultural support for the behavior (I am aware of more and more people who are making exercise a part of their lives)

Question 14

According to transtheoretical model 10 process of change, describe stimulus control

Answer 14

Reorganizing environment to facilitate cues for healthier behaviors (I make sure I always have a clean set of exercise clothes)

Question 15

What is decisional balance

Answer 15

weighing the pros and cons of a behavior

Question 16

What is self-efficacy?

Answer 16

judgment of own ability to engage in a behavior; confidence to perform the behavior

Question 17

What were some of the evidence for the 5 stage model?

Answer 17

Cross-sectional

• concurrent differences across stages for decision balance, self-efficacy, related variables
• stages underestimated motive to quit smoking
• • measurement reliability/validity (single item)?
• • sampling (representative of smokers at large)?

–> measures show increase between individuals in different stages, but may underestimate these differences

Question 18

Describe the idea behind phase vs. stages theory

Answer 18

there are two perceived phases (motivational; forming intention and volitional; behavioral enaction)

Motivational - precontemplation, contemplation and preparation
Volitional - action and maintenance

Question 19

What is a stronger way to test stage validity

Answer 19

perform a match-mismatch design, apply precontemplation to the other stages

Question 20

Explain the steps associated with the match-mismatch design

Answer 20

1) Design intervention for a particular stage (implementation intentions for preparation stage)
2) Apply intervention to people identified in preparation stage (match)
3) Apply intervention to people identified in other stages (mismatch)
4) Does intervention predict behavior change for people in preparation versus other stage?

Question 21

What is the evidence for the match-mismatch design?

Answer 21

weak/null effect for stages

Question 22

What was the result for implementation intention?

Answer 22

overall results for smoking cessation, less being drinking, less dietary fat, more fruits and vegetables, increased in physical activity, etc showed a strong correlation.

Question 23

what does ad hoc mean?

Answer 23

formed, arranged, or done for a particular purpose only.

Question 24

how is ad hoc applied to process of change as a template?

Answer 24

provide 10 specific means of change (process of change) fitting critical situations with behavioral responses; if X happens, I’ll do Y

Question 25

How is self-efficacy(implementation intention) and PoC working together?

Answer 25

by applying volitional help sheets

- actively linking situations with appropriate responses