TransportPart 2

Question 1

Definition of CBD

Keywords: Commercial centre, financial institutions, city

Answer 1

The central business district is the commercial centre where businesses such as financial institutions are concentrated in the city.

Question 2

Characteristic of CBD

Hint: 2 points

Answer 2

1) Readily accessible to everyone
2) Most well-connected part of the city
(to cater to high pedestrian and vehicular flow)

Question 3

Why is there usually high flow of traffic on the roads within the CBD?

Why does traffic congestion occur? (Hint: link back to previous question)

Answer 3

Many people commute to and from the CBD. As a result, large number of buses, taxis and private cars enter and leave the CBD daily.

As a result, traffic congestion is common in the CBD, especially during peak hours.

Question 4

There is a huge difference between daytime and nighttime population in Manhattan, the CBD of New York City

State Manhattan’s weekday work hours population.

Answer 4

During weekday work hours, Manhattan’s population rises/ nearly doubles from 1.6 million to 3.1 million according to a 2013 study by the United States Census Bureau

Why? Commuters traveling into Manhattan to work

Question 5

Traffic congestion tends to occur during p____ ____.

Answer 5

Peak hours

Question 6

Define Peak hour.

Answer 6

Peak hour refers to:

-A part of the day during which traffic volume is the highest

Question 7

Self-note: The roads that are congested during peak hour are usually those leading to and from CBD such as major expressways.

Answer 7

Self-note: The roads running through or within the CBD are also congested

Question 8

Name one useful way to finding out where traffic congestion occurs in a city

Answer 8

Live traffic maps

• show traffic information in real time
• updated regularly & easy to see where t.c is occurring

Question 9

Name the time wasted in traffic congestion in London (Capital city of UK; concentration of economic activities and ppl there)

Answer 9

COMMUTER ZONE: 79hrs wasted per month

Question 10

Name the time wasted in traffic congestion in Greater Edinburgh

Answer 10

Time wasted: 28hrs per month

Question 11

Name the 3 main causes of traffic congestion in cities

Hint:
D,I,O

Answer 11

1) Distance between workplaces and homes (eg. USA)
2) Inadequate transport infrastructure
3) One-off events: poor weather conditions, road construction or accidents

Question 12

Talk about the factor that contributes to t.c:
“Separation of work and residential areas”

Keywords: Living in diff parts of city, places of work, housing areas (residential areas), commute, *on a regular basis

Answer 12

People often live and work in different parts of the city. Places of work are often located away from housing areas. The separation of work & residential areas results in the need for people to commute to work.

Question 13

To commute means to t______ s____ ________ b_______ one’s _____ and ______ of ____ on a _______ _____

Answer 13

To commute means to travel some distance between one’s home and place of work on a regular basis

Question 14

According to a 2011 report published by the United States Census Bureau, a total of _____million people in the country commute between
their work and residential areas daily.

Answer 14

132.3 million people

Question 15

In _____ (year), the average daily traffic volume entering the CBD in Singapore was ____________ vehicles.

Answer 15

Year: 2013

Number of vehicles: 289,000

Question 16

Commuting can be done via private or public transport. However, many people would prefer to drive a private car.

Therefore, in most cities, car ownership is high, leading to massive numbers of cars that drive in and out of the CBD daily.

Explain why.

Answer 16

Driving a private vehicle:

• Convenient
• Allows for flexibility

***This contributes to T.C

Question 17

Talk about the “Movement from one part of the city to another to obtain goods and services”.

Answer 17

People need to move about within the city to obtain goods and services.

Eg. Need to purchase goods from specialised stores
Attend classes in a diff part of the city
Wider range of goods and services available in city compared to
rural areas

Question 18

Talk about the “Movement from one part of the city to another to provide goods and services”.

Answer 18

People might also need to travel within the city to provide goods and services

Eg. Wholesalers deliver to retail shops
Home delivery services deliver products to homes

Question 19

Reminder: Freight trucks usually slow down traffic.

Answer 19

Reminder: Freight trucks usually slow down traffic

Question 20

Define Inadequate transport infrastructure.

Answer 20

Inadequate transport infrastructure means that a city’s transportation facilities are not capable of handling the amount of traffic it receives.

Question 21

List an example of inadequate transport infrastructure

Answer 21

Roads may not have enough lanes
(Some roads may be congested due to lack of alternative routes; especially when there has been an accident or during peak hours)

Network may not be well-connected

Question 22

Transport services refer to…?

Answer 22

Transport services refer to services provided to move people and goods from one location to another.

Question 23

Poor provision of transport services means…?

Answer 23

Poor provision of transport services means that a city only has a small fleet of public buses and rail and does not enough of them to carry commuters.

Question 24

Poor provision of transport services result in… ?

Answer 24

This results in overcrowded trains or buses. It may also result in buses that do not arrive frequently and on time. People may therefore try to avoid taking public transport and buy cars to drive to work instead. This leads to more vehicles on roads, contributing to T.C.

Question 25

Was Mumbai effective in handling traffic congestion?

Hint: Ratio of private cars to public transport is an alarming 90 to 10 in parts of the city

Answer 25

No. The number of cars in Mumbai has grown by 51% in the last 6 years and the number of vehicles present in 2013 was 21.6 million. Yet, no new roads were added to the city during the 6 year period.

Question 26

CBD stands for… ?

Answer 26

Central Business District