transportation in humans

Question 1

define transportation.

Answer 1

the movement of anything from one place to another. water and nutrients required for all metabolic activities need to be transported in the bodies of plants and animals.

Question 2

components of blood

Answer 2

1. blood
   plasma- medium in which rbc, wbc and platelets are present.
   a) rbc- contains hemoglobin for transport of oxygen.
   b) wbc- immune system of body.
   c) platelets- help in clotting of blood.

Question 3

components of blood vessels.

Answer 3

2. blood vessels
   a) arteries- carry deoxygenated blood from heart.
   b) veins- carry deoxygenated blood to heart.
   c) capillaries- blood vessels that are one cell thick and bring blood to direct contact with individual cells.

Question 4

differentiate between arteries and veins.

Answer 4

1. A- carry blood away from heart.
   V- carry blood away from heart.
2. A- carry oxygenated blood except for pulmonary artery.
   V- carry deoxygenated blood except for pulmonary vein.
3. A- thick walls and narrow lumen.
   V- thin walls and narrow lumen.
4. A- blood flows with jerks.
   V- blood does not flow with jerks.
5. A- they don’t have valves.
   V- they have valves.
6. A- they are deep seated.
   V- they are superficial.

Question 5

components of heart.

Answer 5

add answer later.

Question 6

functions of heart.

Answer 6

1. receives deoxygenated blood from body and sends it to lungs for oxygenation.
2. receives oxygenated blood from lungs and pumps it to all parts of body.

Question 7

what is double circulation?

Answer 7

in humans and other vertebrates, the blood goes through the body twice in one cycle. this involves:

1. pulmonary circulation- deoxygenated blood is sent to lungs for oxygenation and then brought back to left atrium.
2. systematic circulation- oxygenated blood is delivered to all parts of the body where exchange of gasses takes place and blood gets deoxygenated. the deoxygenated blood is taken to right atrium.

Question 8

advantages of double circulation.

Answer 8

1. prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
2. provides efficient supply of oxygen for high energy needs.
3. high energy is constantly used by vertebrates to maintain body temperature.

Question 9

circulation in fishes.

Answer 9

fishes show single circulation. they have two-chambered hearts. blood is pumped into gills, oxygenated, and distributed throughout their bodies.

Question 10

what is lymph?

Answer 10

1. colorless fluid tissue.
2. similar to blood but lacks rbcs.
3. has fewer proteins.

Question 11

functions of lymph.

Answer 11

1. carries digested and absorbed fats from small intestine.

2. drains excess fluid from extracellular space back into blood.