Transportation Flashcards
What is traction?
The rolling of coarse sediment along the sea bed that. is too heavy to be picked up and carried by the sea
What is suspension?
Smaller (lighter) sediment picked up and carried within the flow of water.
What is mass movement?
Generally either rapid sudden failures of the slope of the effects of processes that develop over time.
What are the five types of mss movement?
Landslides, rock falls, mudflows, soil creep and slumping.
What are landslides?
Occur on cliffs made from softer rock or deposited material, which slip as a result of failure within it when lubricated usually following heavy rainfall.
What are rockfalls?
These occur from cliffs undercut by the sea, or on slopes effected by mechanical weathering like freeze thaw.
What are mudflows?
Heavy rain can cause large quantities of fine material to flow downhill. Here the soil becomes saturated and if excess water cannot percolate deeper into the ground surface layers become very fluid and flow downhill.
What is slumping?
Where softer material overlies much more resistant materials. Cliffs are subject to slumping. With excessive lubrication, whole sections of the cliff face may move downwards with a slide plain, producing a rotation movement.
What is soil creep?
This occurs where there is a very slow, almost imperceptible, but continuous movement of individual soil particles downslope
What is deposition?
When waves no longer have enough energy to transport sediment.
What are high energy environments?
Clay and sand are easily transported away, leaving behind larger pebbles to form shingle beaches.
What are low energy environments?
The smallest clay particles will eventually drop to the sea bed to form mudflats.
What is marine transportation?
Sediment deposited by the sea.
What is aeolian transportation?
Sediment deposited by the wind.
What is a berm?
A ridge of deposited material found at the high tide mark.
