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B3 > Transport Systems in Plants and Animals > Flashcards

Transport Systems in Plants and Animals Flashcards

0
Q

What is in the circulation system?

A

Heart
Blood vessels
Blood

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1
Q

What is the circulation system?

A

The body’s transport system

Carries oxygenated blood to cells and carries deoxygenated blood away from cells

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2
Q

What are the upper sections of the heart called?

A

Artria (atrium is singular)

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3
Q

What are the lower sections of the heart called?

A

Ventricles

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4
Q

Do arteries carry blood away from or to the heart?

A

Away

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5
Q

Why are there valves in the heart?

A

To ensure that blood only flows in the correct direction

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6
Q

What does the right side of the heart do?

A

Pumps blood that is low in oxygen to the lungs

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7
Q

What does the left side of the heart do?

A

Pumps oxygenated blood to the other parts of the body

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8
Q

Arteries

A

Thick muscular walls to withstand blood at high pressure

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9
Q

Veins

A

Have thinner walls than arteries as blood is at lower pressure
Have valves to stop blood flowing backwards

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10
Q

Capillaries

A

Single cell in thickness

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11
Q

What is the blood made from?

A

Plasma
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets

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12
Q

What does plasma do in the transportation of substances around the body?

A

Transports carbon dioxide from organs to the lungs
Transports glucose from the small intestine to the organs
Transports waste from the liver to the kidneys

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13
Q

How are red blood cells adapted to transport oxygen from the lungs to the organs?

A

No nucleus so can contain lots of haemoglobin which combines with oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin

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14
Q

Platelets

A

Have no nucleus

Help the blood to clot at wound

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15
Q

In plants, what does the xylem do?

A

Transports water and mineral ions from roots to the stem and leaves

16
Q

What is the transpiration stream?

A

Movement of water from the roots through the xylem and out of the leaves

17
Q

In plants, what does the phloem do?

A

Transports dissolved sugars produced in the leaves to the rest of the plant

18
Q

What is a stent?

A

A small mesh tube

19
Q

What is a stent used for

A

It can be inserted into an artery to keep it open

20
Q

How is a stent put in?

A

Angioplasty
A closed stent is inserted around a catheter
The balloon is inflated causing the stent to expand

21
Q

What are the problems with artificial hearts?

A

Temporary
Large
Patient must be hospitalised

22
Q

What are the advantages of artificial blood?

A

Keep a long time
Doesn’t need refrigerating
More efficient at carrying oxygen
No blood group matching

23
Q

What are the disadvantages of artificial blood?

A

Effect is short lived

Very expensive

24
Q

Why are blood transfusions needed?

A

To replace fluid levels
Replacement for red blood cells
Replacement for platelets

B3 (4 decks)

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