Transport revision (2.4)

Question 1

Define diffusion

Answer 1

Diffusion is the movement of particles from regions of higher concentrations to regions of lower concentrations until they are equal.

Question 2

Define osmosis

Answer 2

Osmosis is the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high water potential (low solute concentration) to an area of low water potential (high solute concentration) until they are equal.

Question 3

Define water potential

Answer 3

Water potential is the tendency of water to move out of that solution. Water potential is the combined effect of water concentration and pressure.

Question 4

Define isotonic

Answer 4

Two solutions that are the same concentration

Question 5

Define hypotonic

Answer 5

A solution with low solute concentration and high water concentration (ie diluted sugar solution)

Question 6

Define hypertonic

Answer 6

A solution with high solute concentration and low water concentration. (ie concentrated sugar solution)

Question 7

Define active transport + what it requires

Answer 7

• Active transport is the movement of molecules or ions across a membrane against a concentration gradient. - Active transport requires the use of the cell’s energy and involves globular proteins which act as pumps.