Transport materials: blood Flashcards
What is a blood? What does it consist of?
- it is a tissue
- consists of a fluid called plasma which suspends red blood cells/ white blood cells/platelets
what colour is plasma?
a clear yellow liquid
what substances does the blood transport?
- carbon dioxide from organs to lungs
- solutes of digestion from intestine to organs
- urea from liver to kidneys
What is the functionof red blood cells?
pick up oxygen from lungs to organs
Adaptations for red blood cells
- no nucleus more space for haemoglobin
- biconcave discs - increased surface area:volume ratio
- packed with haemoglobin (red pigment)
What does haemoglobin do in the lungs?
combines with oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin
What is the main function of white blood cells?
forms part of body’s defence system against micro-organisms
- ingest
- antibodies/antitoxins
(has a nucleus)
what are platelets?
small fragments of cells
no nucleus
function of platelets
- help blood to clot at a site of a wind
How do platelets help to clot?
- produce protein threads which captures red blood cells and platelets to form clot
- clot dries and hardened to form a scab
- scab protects new skin to prevent bacteria getting through
What is done with blood from donors?
- frozen
- separated into cells and plasma
Why is plasma given to patients?
in emergency where patient suffer blood loss plasma can be given in a transfusioin to increase blood volume
What is a transfusion?
transfer of blood from one person to another
Name a type of artificial blood
perfluorocarbons
advantages of artificial blood
- doesn’t need to be refrigerated
- doesnt contain cells so blood matching isnt necessary
