Transport in mammals Flashcards
The circulatory system of a mammal is a closed double circulation. What does it consist of?
Heart, blood vessels and the blood.
What does a closed system mean?
Blood flows around the body within vessels.
What is double circulation?
Blood flows through the heart twice in one complete circulation of the body.
How is the heart a double pump?
The heart pumps blood through the pulmonary circulation for gas exchange in the lungs and pumping blood through the systemic circulation to supply all the other organs with oxygen, nutrients, hormones and to remove waste substances, such as urea and carbon dioxide. Do not confuse a double pump with a double circulation.
What are the two circuits of the double circulatory system?
Pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation
Explain the pulmonary circulation system.
Blood flows from the heart to the lungs in the pulmonary arteries and returns to the heart in the pulmonary veins.
Explain the systemic circulatory system.
Blood is pumped by the heart into the aorta and then through arteries to all the organs, except the lungs; blood returns to the heart in veins which empty into the vena cava, which is the body’s main vein leading into the heart.
What is the advantage of a double circulation system?
The advantage of a double circulation is that blood is sent to different parts of the body at different pressures.
Explain the differences in pressure in the two circulatory systems.
Blood flows through the lungs at much lower pressure than that in the systemic circulation, whic prevenets damage tot he delicate capillaries in the lung. A high pressure in the aorta means that blood is delivered to other organs at high pressures so there is an efficient supply of oxygen and nutrients.
Study and draw the plan diagram of the double circulatory system
Study and draw the attached image of the main blood vessels and organs
