Transport in cells

Question 1

Factors that affect the rate of diffusion

Answer 1

1. temperature
2. surface area
3. concentration gradient
4. size of particles
5. diffusion medium eg. solid

Question 2

Gas exchange definition

Answer 2

In animals this refers to oxygen moving into the blood and carbon dioxide moving out.

Question 3

Definition of diffusion

Answer 3

The spreading out of the particles of a gas, resulting in the net movement from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration

Question 4

Definition of osmosis

Answer 4

Diffusion of water molecules from an area of high water potential (a dilute solution) to an area of low water potential( a concentrated solution) across a partially permeable membrane.

Question 5

Isotonic

Answer 5

Same concentration as the inside of the cell.

Question 6

Hypertonic

Answer 6

Higher concentration than the inside of the cell.

Question 7

Hypotonic

Answer 7

Lower concentration than the inside of the cell. (Cells will become turgid or bust)

Question 8

Turgid

Answer 8

Full of water

Question 9

Flaccid

Answer 9

Not full of water

Question 10

Active transport

Answer 10

Energy from aerobic respiration is used to make protein pumps (ATP) which moves particles up the concentration gradient across a semi-permeable membrane.

Question 11

Examples of active transport

Answer 11

Uptake of minerals in plant roots and uptake of glucose in the gut.

Question 12

Explanation of ventilation

Answer 12

Intercostal muscles contract, moving the ribs up and out