Transport + Exchange Surfaces

Question 1

Diffusion definition

Answer 1

The net movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration until they are at equilibrium

Question 2

osmosis definition

Answer 2

The movement of water from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution across a partially permeable membrane

Question 3

Active transport

Answer 3

The movement of substances from a low to high concentration, against the diffusion gradient, across a partially permeable membrane using energy from respiration and transport proteins

Question 4

ATP

Answer 4

Adenosine Triphosphate

Question 5

The 4 exchange surfaces

Answer 5

Lungs
Small intestine
Leaf
Gills

Question 6

Adaptations of the lungs

Answer 6

Moist lining: gasses dissolve for faster diffusion
One cell thick for faster diffusion
Lots of alveoli for larger surface area for faster diffusion

Question 7

Adaptations of the small intestine

Answer 7

Villi (villus singular): folds = larger surface area for faster diffusion
Microvilli: folds = larger surface area for faster diffusion
1 cell thick: shorter diffusion distance for faster substance exchange

Question 8

Adaptations of the gills

Answer 8

Gill filaments: folds = larger surface area for faster diffusion
Lamellae: folds = larger surface area for faster diffusion
Blood and water travel in opposite directions to make diffusion faster

Question 9

Adaptations of the leaf

Answer 9

Air spaces: create internal folds = larger surface area for diffusion
Flattened shape = short diffusion distance for faster diffusion