Transport and Industry Flashcards
What are the advantages of the main 8 modes of transport? (Car, Foot, Bus, Boat, Plane, Bike, Lorry, Rail) (8)
Car: Convenient. Short journey time unless in congestion.
Foot: Healthy. Free. Only option in many LICs.
Bus: Less carbon monoxide released per person than car. Can use bus lanes. Cheaper than using a car.
Boat: Can carry heavy freight a long distance cheaply.
Plane: Quick. Safer than road and rail. Good for transporting light, valuable freight long distances.
Bike: Healthy. Cheap. Fast (If congestion in cycle lanes is avoided).
Lorry: Most efficient for carrying freight short distances to specific points; most freight is transported in this way in the UK.
Rail: Can carry freight medium to long distances relatively cheaply.
What are the disadvantages of the main 8 modes of transport? (Car, Foot, Bus, Boat, Plane, Bike, Lorry, Rail) (8)
Car: Carbon dioxide released. Cost. Danger to self and others. Noise. Destruction of environment to create roads.
Foot: Longer journey time. Uncomfortable if very hot or cold.
Bus: Cannot go at exact time of choice. Can suffer from congestion.
Boat: Takes longer than air travel.
Plane: Expensive for people and freight. Carbon dioxide released. Noisy for people who live on flight path. Have to use another mode of transport to get to airport and to destination.
Bike: Danger, reduced by use of cycle lanes. Cannot carry freight.
Lorry: Carbon dioxide released. Noisy.
Rail: Can be expensive for passengers. Have to use another mode of transport to get to exact destination. Destruction of natural habitats to create railway tracks. Noise. Vibrations of trains can disturb foundations of buildings.
What is containerisation? (2)
Containerisation is the use of large intermodal carriers or shipping vessels to transport extremely large loads via enourmous shipping vessels. These have standard dimensions.
What are the four types of industry? (8)
Primary industry, which extracts raw materials from the earth or sea, and employs, for example, farmers, miners, fishermen and forestry workers.
Secondary industry, or manufacturing industry, which makes raw materials into goods, and employs, for example, bakers and car-factory workers.
Tertiary industry, or service industry, which sells goods or provides a service, and employs, for example, doctors, lawyers, and bankers.
Quaternary industry, or knowledge based industry, such as research and developement into high tech goods, which employs, for example, research scientists.
What are the BRICS (formerly BRIC) countries? (5)
BRICS is an an acronym for Brazil, Russia, India, China, and the newly added South Africa. They are the 5 biggest rising ecomomic powers, and are projected to “take over the world’s economy” by 2050.
