Population and Settlement

Question 1

What are the factors that affect population density? (7)

Answer 1

Climate, Relief, Fertility of Soil, Availability of Natural Resources, Percieved Likelihood of Natural Disasters, Stability of Government, and Job Oppurtunities.

Question 2

What is birth rate? (1)

Answer 2

The number of births per thousand of the population per year.

Question 3

What is death rate? (1)

Answer 3

The number of deaths per thousand of the population per year.

Question 4

What is migration? (1)

Answer 4

Migration is the movement of people from one area or country to another to find work or a better standard of living.

Question 5

What is a settlement? (1)

Answer 5

A settlement is where people live.

Question 6

What is the settlement hierarchy? (6)

Answer 6

Isolated house, hamlet, village, town, city, megacity.

Question 7

What are the reasons for a settlement? (6)

Answer 7

Relief, transport, soil, water supply, wood, and defence.

Question 8

What are the approximate population sizes for each type of settlement? (5)

Answer 8

Hamlet - less than 100 people
Village - 100-2500 people
Town - 2500-100,000 people
City > 100,000 people
Megacity > 10 million people

Question 9

What are the approximate population sizes for each type of settlement? (5)

Answer 9

Hamlet - less than 100 people
Village - 100-2500 people
Town - 2500-100,000 people
City > 100,000 people
Megacity > 10 million people

Question 10

What are the different settlement patterns? (4)

Answer 10

Linear, Dispersed, Nucleated, Planned

Question 11

A settlement is a place where people live. Other than residential what other functions can a settlement have? (5)

Answer 11

Industrial - factories
Commercial - shopping facilities
Service function - hospitals, schools, libraries
Tourism - depends on where the settlement is located (beach, hiking etc)
Administration - government offices

Question 12

What is the Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)? (1)

Answer 12

RNI = birth rate - death rate

Question 13

What are some reasons that birth rates have decreased around the world? (5)

Answer 13

• increasing use of contraception
• agriculture becoming mechanised so fewer children to work the land
• lower infant mortality rates
• people preferring material possessions over bigger families
• greature equality for women, so more go to work than stay home and have kids