translation

Question 1

describe the function of rRNA

Answer 1

ribosomal RNA
- maintains structural stability of protein synthesis
- catalyses protein synthesis

Question 2

how is rRNA formed?

Answer 2

• after leaving the nucleus
• mRNA binds to a specific site on a ribosome
• it is held in position whilst being translated into a sequence of amino acids

Question 3

what is tRNA?

Answer 3

transfer RNA
- molecules that act as temporary carriers of amino acids, bringing the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome based on the mRNA sequence

Question 4

what is an anticodon?

Answer 4

a sequence of three nucleotides forming a unit of genetic code in a transfer RNA molecule

Question 5

describe the properties of tRNA

Answer 5

• H bonds
• 1 strand
• clover shape
• small
• ribose sugar

Question 6

summarise the process of translation

Answer 6

1. mRNA binds to ribosome and is sectioned into codons
2. tRNA anticodon binds to the mRNA start codon 2 at a time
3. another tRNA anticodon binds to next codon
4. amino acids join by peptide bonds catalysed by peptidyltransferase
5. ribosome moves along mRNA releasing tRNA