Translation

Question 1

Explain the process of translation.

Answer 1

1. translation is the synthesis of proteins/polypeptide chain/specific sequence of amino acids;
2. translation occurs in cytoplasm/ribosomes;
3. uses information on the mRNA;
4. mRNA carries the genetic information of DNA;
5. mRNA binds to ribosome;
6. mRNA contains series of codons/base triplets;
7. tRNA binds with an amino acid and carries it to the ribosome;
8. tRNA has the anticodon that is complementary to the codon on the mRNA;
9. two tRNAs bind to a ribosome/mRNA at the same time;
10. (peptide) bond forms between two amino acids (carried by tRNA molecules to the ribosome);
11. the first tRNA detaches, ribosome moves along mRNA and another tRNA carrying an amino acid binds;
12. process repeats forming chain of amino acids/polypeptides;