Transitions

Question 1

What does the transition-property CSS property do?

Answer 1

The transition-property CSS property specifies which CSS properties should have transition effects applied to them when their values change.

“transition-property - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN” (developer.mozilla.org). Retrieved April 26, 2023.

Question 2

What is the syntax of the transition-property CSS property?

Answer 2

transition-property: property-1, property-2, ...;

Values

• all: Applies transitions to all properties that can be animated.
• none: No transitions are applied.

Example values: all, width, background-color, none.

“transition-property - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN” (developer.mozilla.org). Retrieved April 26, 2023.

Question 3

What does the transition-duration CSS property do?

Answer 3

The transition-duration CSS property sets the length of time a transition animation should take to complete. By default, the value is 0s, meaning that no animation will occur.

“transition-duration - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN” (developer.mozilla.org). Retrieved April 26, 2023.

Question 4

What is the syntax of the transition-duration CSS property?

Answer 4

transition-duration: time-1, time-2, ...;

Values

• The time values can be given in seconds (e.g., 2s) or milliseconds (e.g., 2000ms).*

Example values: 0.5s, 300ms

“transition-duration - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN” (developer.mozilla.org). Retrieved April 26, 2023.

Question 5

What does the transition-timing-function CSS property do?

Answer 5

The transition-timing-function CSS property specifies how the intermediate values of a CSS transition are calculated, essentially defining the “easing” function for the transition.

“transition-timing-function - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN” (developer.mozilla.org). Retrieved April 26, 2023.

Question 6

What is the syntax of the transition-timing-function CSS property?

Answer 6

transition-timing-function: function-1, function-2, ...;

Values

• linear: Transition occurs at a constant speed.
• ease: Starts slow, accelerates, then ends slowly.
• ease-in: Starts slow and accelerates.
• ease-out: Starts fast and decelerates.
• ease-in-out: Starts slow, accelerates, then decelerates.
• cubic-bezier(n,n,n,n): Define a custom easing function using a cubic Bézier curve with control points.
• step-start, step-end, steps(n, jump): Define a step function with a specified number of steps and jump behavior.

Example values:
linear, ease, ease-in, ease-out, ease-in-out, cubic-bezier(n,n,n,n), step-start, step-end, steps(n, jump)

“transition-timing-function - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN” (developer.mozilla.org). Retrieved April 26, 2023.

Question 7

What does the transition-delay CSS property do?

Answer 7

The transition-delay CSS property specifies the time to wait before starting a CSS transition when the specified property changes.

“transition-delay - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN” (developer.mozilla.org). Retrieved April 26, 2023.

Question 8

What is the syntax of the transition-delay CSS property?

Answer 8

transition-delay: time-1, time-2, ...;

Values

• The time values can be given in seconds (e.g., 1s) or milliseconds (e.g., 1000ms).

Example values: 0s, 200ms

“transition-delay - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN” (developer.mozilla.org). Retrieved April 26, 2023.

Question 9

What does the transition CSS shorthand property do?

Answer 9

The transition CSS property is a shorthand for setting the transition-property, transition-duration, transition-timing-function, and transition-delay properties in a single declaration.

“transition - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN” (developer.mozilla.org). Retrieved April 26, 2023.

Question 10

What is the syntax of the transition CSS shorthand property?

Answer 10

transition: property duration timing-function delay;

Values

• Order of values is important: property (required), duration (required), timing-function (optional, default is ease), delay (optional, default is 0s).
• Multiple transitions can be specified, separated by commas: transition: width 0.5s ease-out 100ms, height 0.3s linear;

Example:

transition: width 0.5s ease-out 100ms;

“transition - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN” (developer.mozilla.org). Retrieved April 26, 2023.

Question 11

How can you apply CSS transitions using pseudo-classes?

Answer 11

To apply CSS transitions when an element is in a specific state, use the :hover, :focus, :active, or :checked pseudo-classes. Add the transition properties to the base state of the element and define the property changes within the pseudo-class rule.

Question 12

Example of using CSS transitions with the :hover pseudo-class

Answer 12

button {
  background-color: blue;
  transition: background-color 0.3s ease-in-out;
}

button:hover {
  background-color: red;
}

Question 13

How can you set different durations and delays for multiple properties?

Answer 13

Specify separate durations and delays for each property by listing them in the same order as the properties in the transition-property rule. Use commas to separate values for different properties.

Question 14

Example of setting different durations and delays for multiple properties

Answer 14

.box {
  transition-property: width, height, background-color;
  transition-duration: 0.5s, 1s, 0.3s;
  transition-delay: 0s, 100ms, 200ms;
}

In this example, the width transition has a 0.5s duration and no delay, the height transition has a 1s duration and a 100ms delay, and the background-color transition has a 0.3s duration and a 200ms delay.

Question 15

Create a CSS rule that applies a transition to the background-color property, with a duration of 0.8 seconds, an ease-in-out timing function, and a delay of 300 milliseconds.

Answer 15

{
  transition-property: background-color;
  transition-duration: 0.8s;
  transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
  transition-delay: 300ms;
}

Question 16

Create a CSS rule that applies a transition to both the width and height properties, with a duration of 1 second and a linear timing function.

Answer 16

{
  transition-property: width, height;
  transition-duration: 1s;
  transition-timing-function: linear;
}

Question 17

Using the transition shorthand property, create a CSS rule that applies a transition to the opacity property, with a duration of 0.6 seconds, a cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.1, 0.25, 1) timing function, and no delay.

Answer 17

  transition: opacity 0.6s cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.1, 0.25, 1) 0s;

Question 18

Create a CSS rule that applies a transition to the font-size property, with a duration of 0.3 seconds, an ease-in timing function, and a delay of 100 milliseconds. Apply this transition to a paragraph element when it is being hovered.

Answer 18

p {
  transition: font-size 0.3s ease-in 100ms;
}

p:hover {
  font-size: 1.5em;
}

Question 19

Create a CSS rule that applies a transition to the border-radius property, with a duration of 1.5 seconds and a linear timing function. Use the transition shorthand property for this rule.

Answer 19

div { transition: border-radius 1.5s linear; }

Question 20

Create a CSS rule that applies a transition to both the color and background-color properties of a button element. The transition for the color property should have a duration of 0.4 seconds and an ease-out timing function, while the transition for the background-color property should have a duration of 0.6 seconds and a cubic-bezier(0.42, 0, 0.58, 1) timing function. Apply this transition when the button is focused.

Answer 20

button {
  transition-property: color, background-color;
  transition-duration: 0.4s, 0.6s;
  transition-timing-function: ease-out, cubic-bezier(0.42, 0, 0.58, 1);
}

button:focus {
  color: white;
  background-color: green;
}

Question 21

Create a CSS rule that applies transitions to the width, height, and opacity properties of a div element. The transitions should have the following properties:

• width: 0.8s duration, ease-in-out timing function, 0s delay
• height: 1.2s duration, ease timing function, 200ms delay
• opacity: 0.5s duration, linear timing function, no delay

Use the transition shorthand property for this rule.

Answer 21

div { transition: width 0.8s ease-in-out 0s, height 1.2s ease 200ms, opacity 0.5s linear; }

Question 22

What is the linear timing function usually used for?

Answer 22

The linear timing function is often used when you want a simple, predictable, and uniform transition. It’s suitable for scenarios where the change in the property doesn’t require any emphasis or gradual speed adjustments.

For example, it can be used for:

• Moving an element at a constant speed across the screen.
• Changing the background color of an element uniformly.
• Progress bars or loading indicators with a steady pace.

Example:

.element {
  /* Initial state */
  background-color: blue;
  transition: background-color 2s linear;
}

.element:hover {
  /* Final state */
  background-color: red;
}

In this example, the background color of the .element will change from blue to red uniformly over 2 seconds when hovered over, without any acceleration or deceleration.

“transition-timing-function - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN” (developer.mozilla.org). Retrieved May 3, 2023.

Question 23

What is the ease-in timing function usually used for?

Answer 23

ease-in timing function is used when you want a transition to start slowly and then accelerate towards the end. It is ideal for situations where you want to draw attention to the change or create an impression of momentum. Examples of ease-in use cases include:

• Revealing a hidden element, such as a tooltip or a dropdown menu.
• Expanding a collapsible panel or an accordion.
• Moving an element onto the screen from an off-screen position.

“transition-timing-function - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN” (developer.mozilla.org). Retrieved May 3, 2023.

Question 24

What is the ease-out timing function usually used for?

Answer 24

ease-out timing function is used when you want a transition to start quickly and then decelerate towards the end. It is suitable for situations where you want a smooth, gentle exit of the transition or a more natural-feeling movement. Examples of ease-out use cases include:

• Hiding an element, such as a tooltip or a dropdown menu.
• Collapsing a panel or an accordion.
• Moving an element off the screen or to another position.

“transition-timing-function - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN” (developer.mozilla.org). Retrieved May 3, 2023.

Question 25

What is the ease-in-out timing function usually used for?

Answer 25

The ease-in-out timing function is used for creating CSS transitions that start slowly, accelerate in the middle, and then decelerate towards the end. This timing function combines the characteristics of both ease-in and ease-out, making it suitable for situations where you want a smooth and natural transition for elements that appear and disappear or change their state in response to user interactions.

Some common use cases for the ease-in-out timing function include:

• Hover effects: When an element’s properties change on hover (such as size, color, or position), the ease-in-out function ensures a smooth transition both when the element is hovered over and when the hover state is removed.
• Show and hide elements: For elements that appear and disappear, like modals or side menus, the ease-in-out function creates a more natural, less abrupt transition.
• Accordion or collapsible panels: When expanding and collapsing panels, the ease-in-out function ensures that the opening and closing animations feel balanced and consistent.

“transition-timing-function - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN” (developer.mozilla.org). Retrieved May 3, 2023.

Question 26

What is the ease timing function usually used for?

Answer 26

The ease timing function is used for creating CSS transitions with a smooth and natural speed curve. This function starts slowly, accelerates in the middle, and then decelerates towards the end.

Some common scenarios where the ease timing function can be applied include:

• Hover effects: When changing an element’s properties on hover (such as color, size, or position), the ease function provides a smooth and gentle transition that is visually pleasing.
• Fading elements: When fading elements in or out using opacity, the ease function creates a more natural transition, making the change less abrupt.
• Resizing or repositioning elements: When resizing or repositioning elements in response to user interaction or as part of an animation, the ease function ensures a balanced and smooth motion.

“transition-timing-function - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN” (developer.mozilla.org). Retrieved May 3, 2023.

Question 27

What does the steps timing function do?

Answer 27

The steps timing function is used for creating CSS transitions or animations that progress in a series of discrete steps instead of a continuous, smooth motion. It is particularly useful when you want to create a stepped or frame-based animation, where the property values change abruptly at specific intervals.

The steps function takes two arguments:

• n: The number of intervals or steps the transition should be divided into. This should be a positive integer.
• start or end: This optional argument specifies when the step change should occur within each interval. If set to start, the change happens at the beginning of the interval. If set to end, the change happens at the end of the interval. The default value is end.

Example:

@keyframes sprite-animation {
  from {
    background-position: 0;
  }
  to {
    background-position: -500px;
  }
}

.sprite {
  background-image: url('sprite-sheet.png');
  animation: sprite-animation 1s steps(5, end) infinite;
}

In this example, a sprite animation is created using a sprite sheet with 5 frames. The steps function divides the transition into 5 discrete steps, ensuring that the background position jumps to each frame without any interpolation between them. The end keyword specifies that the change should occur at the end of each step interval.

“transition-timing-function - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets | MDN” (developer.mozilla.org). Retrieved May 3, 2023.

Question 28

Can you animate all CSS properties?

Answer 28

No. Some CSS properties cannot be animated using CSS transitions or animations, either because they don’t have intermediate values between their initial and final states or because animating them would create undesirable side effects or performance issues.

Here’s a list of some CSS properties that cannot be animated:

• display: This property defines the display type of an element, and there are no intermediate states between its different values (e.g., block, inline, none).
• position: The position property specifies the positioning scheme of an element, and there are no intermediate values between its different values (e.g., static, relative, absolute, fixed, sticky).
• z-index: This property controls the stacking order of positioned elements, and its values are integers. Although you could technically interpolate integer values, animating z-index would usually create undesirable visual effects.
• content: This property is used in conjunction with pseudo-elements to insert generated content. As it accepts various data types like strings, images, and counters, it is not suitable for animation.
• cursor: This property specifies the mouse cursor displayed when hovering over an element. There are no intermediate values between different cursor types.
• visibility: The visibility property determines whether an element is visible or hidden, and there are no intermediate values between visible and hidden.

Note: Some properties like visibility cannot be animated but they will still ovey transition-delay values.