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Transition/stress/nutrition > Transition/stress/nutrition > Flashcards

Transition/stress/nutrition Flashcards

0
Q

What is maturational loss/stressor?

A

Part of life process, anticipated, sociocultural preparation (crisis potential)

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1
Q

What is loss?

A

When something valued is changed or no longer available

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2
Q

What is unanticipated change with trial & error preparation (potential crisis)

A

Situational loss/stressor

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3
Q

What is anticipatory loss

A

Prepare for uncertain future, before the actual loss occurs

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4
Q

Significance of loss depends on:

A

Loss of: Aspect of ones self
An object external to oneself
Separation from an accustomed environment
Loss of live or valued person

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5
Q

7 tasks of chronic illness:

A

1) prevent manage crisis
2) carry out prescribed tx
3) controlling symptoms
4) reordering time
5) adjust to change in disease course
6) preventing social isolation
7) normalize interaction with others

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6
Q

Ambulatory care settings example

A

Dr office
Ambulatory care centers
Occupational health clinics
urgent care centers

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7
Q

Acute care setting example

A

Hospitals
ER
(1st point contact with HC system in older adults)

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8
Q

Examples: healthy promotion activities, immunization, healthy wt & diet

A

Primary prevention

*before disease or dysfunction

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9
Q

Examples of tertiary prevention

A

Rehab; restorative, palliative care

*begins after illness determined irreversible

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10
Q

What is secondary prevention

A

Early detection of disease
Prompt intervention /tx
Preventin of complications & disabilities

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11
Q

What role does “locus of control” play in health promotion activities

A

If pt engages in his own health status -believes that health is largely self-determined,
NUrse uses LOC to plan internal reinforcement training to assist pt to improve health

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12
Q

Define frailty

A

3 or more of following:
>10lb wt loss/yr
Weakness, poor endurance,slowness , low activity

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13
Q

What is transitional care?

Subacute care

A

Between acute care and home

Focus on recuperation &healing

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14
Q

Describe geriatric rehabilitation

A

Focus on adapting to or recovery from disability

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15
Q

5 stages of acute illness

A 
Symptom experience
Assumption of sick roll
Medical care contact 
Dependent client role 
Recovery /rehabilitation
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16
Q

Chronic illness trajectory: (8 “steps”)

A 
Onset 
Stable
Acute
Comeback
Crisis
Unstable
Downward
Dying
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17
Q

What is a stressor

A

Any factor that disturbs the body’s equilibrium, can be physical, physiological, emotional, intellectual , spiritual

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18
Q

Degree of stress response varies based on:

A

Intensity of stress
Duration of stressor
Perception of stressor by the
individual

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19
Q

Factors influence transition

A

Health status
Determinants of health
Support system

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20
Q

List 3 levels of social support:

A
  • Family/kin
  • Clubs/church/neighbors/senior ctrs
  • formal system of social welfare agencies/healthcare facilities/government support
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21
Q

What may influence the perception of patient experience?

A

TIMING

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22
Q

What influences the wAy an individual responds to stressor?

A

Stress perception & personal meaning attached to potential stressor

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23
Q

What is resilience

A

Being resourceful, flexible, having available source of problem solving strategies

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24
Q

What is family

A

Basic unit of society. Recognize impact of family on health, values, productivity.

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25
Q

What is illness behavior

A

Perceived susceptibility of illness.

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26
Q

Stage of Development-Erikson for older adult?

A

Integrity vs.despair

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27
Q

Factors influence family health

A

Position in society
Distribution of wealth
Education attainment

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28
Q

Internal variables of transition

A

Biological
Psycho logic
Cognitive

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29
Q

5 cultural competences

A 
Awareness
Skill
Knowledge 
Encounter 
Desire 
(ASKED)
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30
Q

3 types of self management tasks

A

1 care of body & manage condition
2 adapting
3 dealing with arising emotions
4 adequate training of task (IOM)

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31
Q

Health are delivery is effected by

A

Evidence based practice

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32
Q

Medicare A covers:

A

65+ or <65 disabled:

Hospital, homecare, hospice

33
Q

What does Medicare B cover?

A

65+ or <65 disabled:

Outpatient, physicians

34
Q

What does Medicare D cover?

A

65+ or <65 disabled:

Prescription drug plans

35
Q

What type of inference can be corrected or cured?

A

Temporary

36
Q

Name 3 types of inferences

A

Temporary
Permanent
Progressive

37
Q

How to make change of location transition smoother?

A 
Written discharge/transfer summary
SBAR
Orders carried over
Welcome
Assessment 
Orient to routines
Individualize care
38
Q

What type of preventative care is a mammogram/pap smear?

A

Secondary

39
Q

During stress what happens in posterior pituitary, the ADH does…?

A

Reabsorption of H2O (increase)
Reabsorption of Na+ (increase)
Urine output decreases

40
Q

What is the illness/death stage of GAS?

A

Exhaustion

41
Q

What happens in alarm stage of GAS?

A

Increased:BP,BG, Na+,K+, CO

Decreased peristalsis

42
Q

What is the idea behind diagnostic reasoning -critical thinking NP

A

RESTORE BALANCE/HEALTH

43
Q

RN Roles:

A 
Limit disability 
Promote comfort
Promote self/care
Promote self esteem
Support coping skills
44
Q

During neuroendocrine response to a stressor, what is hypothalamus responsible for simultaneously:

A

Sympathetic nervous system (epinephrine & norepinephrine release)
Adrenal/Anterior Pituitary (cortisol & aldosterone)
Posterior pituitary

45
Q

Exchanging,perceiving,valuing & feeling are:

A

Affected response patterns

46
Q

Definition of therapeutic communication

A

To express or explore patients feelings

47
Q

What is active listening

A

Restatement, reflection, opened ended questions

48
Q

Diseases that are prolonged, do not respond spontaneously and are rarely cured completely

A

Chronic illness

Chronicity

49
Q

What is meant by transition in healthcare

A

Passage from one state/position to another; from one part to another: requires adaptation within self, group &/or environment

50
Q

What is RN responsibility when transferring a patient

A 
Carry over orders/check for   
     correctness of orders
Inform oncoming HC providers 
Orient to room
Notify Dr of person being there
Assess room safety issues
51
Q

3 Factors contributing to placement in LTC

A

1) rapid deterioration
2) caregiver burnout
3) alteration in or loss of family support

52
Q

What is nutrition?

A

Science that studies relationship of humans to food based on research

53
Q

Role of Nutrition:

A 
PREVENTION OF DISEASE
Prevent/correct deficiencies
Prevent malnutrition
Mngmnt of chronic diseases
Prevent dehydration
Provide correct texture
54
Q

What is the study of the interaction of foods with specific genes to increase risk of common chronic diseases

A

Nutrigenomics

55
Q

3 function of nutrients

A

1) source of energy or heat
2) support growth & maintenance of tissue
3) aids in regulation if basic body processes

56
Q

Carbs, fats & lipids are which type of nutrient?

A

Essential

57
Q

What kind of nutrient can the body manufacture from raw materials?

A

Non-essential

Ex: amino acid alanine

58
Q

List 6 essential nutrients:

A 
Carbs (CHO)
Protein
Fats (lipids)
Vitamins
Minerals 
Water
59
Q

Name the thermic effect of :
CHO
PRO
FAT

A

CHO=4
PRO=4
FAT=9

60
Q

AMDR stands for ________________ & is Set By ___________________,
Changes to AMDR are based on ______________.

A

Acceptable Macronutrient
Distribution Range
Set by: External Agency
Based on: Cultural norms

61
Q

True or false?

Fats are metabolized more effectively than PRO & CHO

A

True

62
Q

What is the process in which energy expenditure adapts to increases or decreases of food intake & energy expenditure over several days time.

A

Adaptive thermogenesis

Feast or famine

63
Q

Describe high nutrient dense foods

A

High vitamin /nutrient content with lower calories

64
Q

Metabolism increases or decreases after eating?

A

Increases.

Thermic food effect

65
Q

What is REE?

A

(Resting Energy Expenditure)
Amount of energy required to be consumed in order to maintain bodily functions while at rest.
Genetic specific.

66
Q

Name 3 monosaccharides:

A

Glucose
Fructose
Galactose

67
Q

Name 3 disaccharides

A

Sucrose
Lactose
Maltose

68
Q

Functions of protein:

A 
Provision of structure 
Growth, cell maintenance
Regulation of body processes
Immune system response 
Fluid, Electrolyte regulation
Acid-Base balance
Transportation
69
Q

What are the major macrominerals

A 
Calcium 
phosphorus
Magnesium 
Sulfur 
Sodium
Potassium
Chloride
70
Q

What is the conduit for electrolytes ?(both positive & negative)

A

WATER

71
Q

What is the recommended source if energy that spares muscle mass & protein?

A

Carbohydrates

72
Q

Function of carbohydrates

A

Provide fuel
Spare body protein
Prevent ketosis
Enhance learning & memory

73
Q

Name complex carbs

A

Polysaccharides (starches & fiber)

Glycogen

74
Q

Name simple carbs

A

Monosaccharides

Disaccharides

75
Q

What may nurse use to determine where patient may need to be as far as level of care?

A

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

76
Q

The sympathetic nervous system is stimulated in which stage of GAS?

A

Alarm stage

Fight or flight

77
Q

Which stage of GAS does the persons parasympathetic system kick in & hormone levels start to decrease?

A

Resistance stage

78
Q

What responses would you expect when patient moves from acute to chronic health status?

A

Depression, Anger, Bargaining, Acceptance

79
Q

What may influence the perception of patient experience?

A

TIMING

Transition/stress/nutrition (4 decks)

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