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Transition/stress/nutrition Flashcards

0
Q

What is maturational loss/stressor?

A

Part of life process, anticipated, sociocultural preparation (crisis potential)

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1
Q

What is loss?

A

When something valued is changed or no longer available

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2
Q

What is unanticipated change with trial & error preparation (potential crisis)

A

Situational loss/stressor

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3
Q

What is anticipatory loss

A

Prepare for uncertain future, before the actual loss occurs

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4
Q

Significance of loss depends on:

A

Loss of: Aspect of ones self
An object external to oneself
Separation from an accustomed environment
Loss of live or valued person

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5
Q

7 tasks of chronic illness:

A

1) prevent manage crisis
2) carry out prescribed tx
3) controlling symptoms
4) reordering time
5) adjust to change in disease course
6) preventing social isolation
7) normalize interaction with others

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6
Q

Ambulatory care settings example

A

Dr office
Ambulatory care centers
Occupational health clinics
urgent care centers

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7
Q

Acute care setting example

A

Hospitals
ER
(1st point contact with HC system in older adults)

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8
Q

Examples: healthy promotion activities, immunization, healthy wt & diet

A

Primary prevention

*before disease or dysfunction

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9
Q

Examples of tertiary prevention

A

Rehab; restorative, palliative care

*begins after illness determined irreversible

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10
Q

What is secondary prevention

A

Early detection of disease
Prompt intervention /tx
Preventin of complications & disabilities

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11
Q

What role does “locus of control” play in health promotion activities

A

If pt engages in his own health status -believes that health is largely self-determined,
NUrse uses LOC to plan internal reinforcement training to assist pt to improve health

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12
Q

Define frailty

A

3 or more of following:
>10lb wt loss/yr
Weakness, poor endurance,slowness , low activity

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13
Q

What is transitional care?

Subacute care

A

Between acute care and home

Focus on recuperation &healing

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14
Q

Describe geriatric rehabilitation

A

Focus on adapting to or recovery from disability

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15
Q

5 stages of acute illness

A 
Symptom experience
Assumption of sick roll
Medical care contact 
Dependent client role 
Recovery /rehabilitation
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16
Q

Chronic illness trajectory: (8 “steps”)

A 
Onset 
Stable
Acute
Comeback
Crisis
Unstable
Downward
Dying
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17
Q

What is a stressor

A

Any factor that disturbs the body’s equilibrium, can be physical, physiological, emotional, intellectual , spiritual

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18
Q

Degree of stress response varies based on:

A

Intensity of stress
Duration of stressor
Perception of stressor by the
individual

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19
Q

Factors influence transition

A

Health status
Determinants of health
Support system

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20
Q

List 3 levels of social support:

A
  • Family/kin
  • Clubs/church/neighbors/senior ctrs
  • formal system of social welfare agencies/healthcare facilities/government support
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21
Q

What may influence the perception of patient experience?

A

TIMING

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22
Q

What influences the wAy an individual responds to stressor?

A

Stress perception & personal meaning attached to potential stressor

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23
Q

What is resilience

A

Being resourceful, flexible, having available source of problem solving strategies

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24
What is family
Basic unit of society. Recognize impact of family on health, values, productivity.
25
What is illness behavior
Perceived susceptibility of illness.
26
Stage of Development-Erikson for older adult?
Integrity vs.despair
27
Factors influence family health
Position in society Distribution of wealth Education attainment
28
Internal variables of transition
Biological Psycho logic Cognitive
29
5 cultural competences
``` Awareness Skill Knowledge Encounter Desire (ASKED) ```
30
3 types of self management tasks
1 care of body & manage condition 2 adapting 3 dealing with arising emotions 4 adequate training of task (IOM)
31
Health are delivery is effected by
Evidence based practice
32
Medicare A covers:
65+ or <65 disabled: | Hospital, homecare, hospice
33
What does Medicare B cover?
65+ or <65 disabled: | Outpatient, physicians
34
What does Medicare D cover?
65+ or <65 disabled: | Prescription drug plans
35
What type of inference can be corrected or cured?
Temporary
36
Name 3 types of inferences
Temporary Permanent Progressive
37
How to make change of location transition smoother?
``` Written discharge/transfer summary SBAR Orders carried over Welcome Assessment Orient to routines Individualize care ```
38
What type of preventative care is a mammogram/pap smear?
Secondary
39
During stress what happens in posterior pituitary, the ADH does...?
Reabsorption of H2O (increase) Reabsorption of Na+ (increase) Urine output decreases
40
What is the illness/death stage of GAS?
Exhaustion
41
What happens in alarm stage of GAS?
Increased:BP,BG, Na+,K+, CO | Decreased peristalsis
42
What is the idea behind diagnostic reasoning -critical thinking NP
RESTORE BALANCE/HEALTH
43
RN Roles:
``` Limit disability Promote comfort Promote self/care Promote self esteem Support coping skills ```
44
During neuroendocrine response to a stressor, what is hypothalamus responsible for simultaneously:
Sympathetic nervous system (epinephrine & norepinephrine release) Adrenal/Anterior Pituitary (cortisol & aldosterone) Posterior pituitary
45
Exchanging,perceiving,valuing & feeling are:
Affected response patterns
46
Definition of therapeutic communication
To express or explore patients feelings
47
What is active listening
Restatement, reflection, opened ended questions
48
Diseases that are prolonged, do not respond spontaneously and are rarely cured completely
Chronic illness | Chronicity
49
What is meant by transition in healthcare
Passage from one state/position to another; from one part to another: requires adaptation within self, group &/or environment
50
What is RN responsibility when transferring a patient
``` Carry over orders/check for correctness of orders Inform oncoming HC providers Orient to room Notify Dr of person being there Assess room safety issues ```
51
3 Factors contributing to placement in LTC
1) rapid deterioration 2) caregiver burnout 3) alteration in or loss of family support
52
What is nutrition?
Science that studies relationship of humans to food based on research
53
Role of Nutrition:
``` PREVENTION OF DISEASE Prevent/correct deficiencies Prevent malnutrition Mngmnt of chronic diseases Prevent dehydration Provide correct texture ```
54
What is the study of the interaction of foods with specific genes to increase risk of common chronic diseases
Nutrigenomics
55
3 function of nutrients
1) source of energy or heat 2) support growth & maintenance of tissue 3) aids in regulation if basic body processes
56
Carbs, fats & lipids are which type of nutrient?
Essential
57
What kind of nutrient can the body manufacture from raw materials?
Non-essential | Ex: amino acid alanine
58
List 6 essential nutrients:
``` Carbs (CHO) Protein Fats (lipids) Vitamins Minerals Water ```
59
Name the thermic effect of : CHO PRO FAT
CHO=4 PRO=4 FAT=9
60
AMDR stands for ________________ & is Set By ___________________, Changes to AMDR are based on ______________.
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range Set by: External Agency Based on: Cultural norms
61
True or false? | Fats are metabolized more effectively than PRO & CHO
True
62
What is the process in which energy expenditure adapts to increases or decreases of food intake & energy expenditure over several days time.
Adaptive thermogenesis | Feast or famine
63
Describe high nutrient dense foods
High vitamin /nutrient content with lower calories
64
Metabolism increases or decreases after eating?
Increases. | Thermic food effect
65
What is REE?
(Resting Energy Expenditure) Amount of energy required to be consumed in order to maintain bodily functions while at rest. Genetic specific.
66
Name 3 monosaccharides:
Glucose Fructose Galactose
67
Name 3 disaccharides
Sucrose Lactose Maltose
68
Functions of protein:
``` Provision of structure Growth, cell maintenance Regulation of body processes Immune system response Fluid, Electrolyte regulation Acid-Base balance Transportation ```
69
What are the major macrominerals
``` Calcium phosphorus Magnesium Sulfur Sodium Potassium Chloride ```
70
What is the conduit for electrolytes ?(both positive & negative)
WATER
71
What is the recommended source if energy that spares muscle mass & protein?
Carbohydrates
72
Function of carbohydrates
Provide fuel Spare body protein Prevent ketosis Enhance learning & memory
73
Name complex carbs
Polysaccharides (starches & fiber) | Glycogen
74
Name simple carbs
Monosaccharides | Disaccharides
75
What may nurse use to determine where patient may need to be as far as level of care?
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
76
The sympathetic nervous system is stimulated in which stage of GAS?
Alarm stage | Fight or flight
77
Which stage of GAS does the persons parasympathetic system kick in & hormone levels start to decrease?
Resistance stage
78
What responses would you expect when patient moves from acute to chronic health status?
Depression, Anger, Bargaining, Acceptance
79
What may influence the perception of patient experience?
TIMING

Transition/stress/nutrition (4 decks)

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