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aqa chem > transition metals > Flashcards

transition metals Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the definition of a transition metal?

A

a transition metal is a metal that can from one or more stable ions with a partially filled d sub shell

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2
Q

Why are Sc and Zinc not transition metals?

A

because they can both only form stable ion and in Sc it has no d sub shell however in Zinc it has a full d sub shell

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3
Q

what 3 similar properties to transition metals have?

A

similar atomic radii,
all have high density
high mp and bp

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4
Q

what special chemical properties do transition metals have?

A

they can from complex ions
they can form coloured ions
good catalysts
variable oxidation states

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5
Q

what colour is MnO4-

A

purple

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6
Q

What colour is Cr2O7(2-)

A

orange

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7
Q

What colour is VO+

A

yellow

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8
Q

what colour is VO2+

A

blue

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9
Q

What colour is V3+

A

green

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10
Q

What colour is Cr3+

A

green/violet

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11
Q

What colour is Fe3+

A

Yellow

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12
Q

what colour is V2+

A

Violet

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13
Q

What colour is Mn2+

A

pale pink

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14
Q

What colour is Fe2+

A

pale green

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15
Q

What colour is Co2+

A

pink

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16
Q

What colour is Ni2+

A

green

17
Q

What colour is Cu2+

A

blue

18
Q

what is a complex

A

a complex is a metal ion surrounded by coordinately bonded ligands

19
Q

what is a ligand

A

a ligand is an atom, ion or molecule which donates a pair of electrons to a central transition metal ion to form a co-ordinate bond.

20
Q

what is the co-ordinations number?

the number of ligands or the number of co-ordinate binds

A

the number of coordinate bonds

21
Q

why do cl form a tetrahedral when water ligands form a octahedral?

A

because cl- ligands are larger than water ligands so only 4 cl- ions can fit around the cu2+ metal ion

22
Q

name 2 bi dentate ligands

A

ethane-1,2-diamine, ethanedioate(2-)

23
Q

what is a bidentate ligand

A

a ligand that has 2 lone pairs of electrons so forms 2 coordinate bonds

24
Q

what is the other multdentate ligand you need to know called?

A

EDTA4-

25
Q

how is iron held in haeoglobin via a complex?

A

it becomes a complex with an octahedral shape. Ow is a ligand and so is water. another ligand is a globin chain and the haem part has 4 coordinate bonds coming fro m1 individual ligand

aqa chem (3 decks)

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