transition metals Flashcards
what is the definition of a transition metal?
a transition metal is a metal that can from one or more stable ions with a partially filled d sub shell
Why are Sc and Zinc not transition metals?
because they can both only form stable ion and in Sc it has no d sub shell however in Zinc it has a full d sub shell
what 3 similar properties to transition metals have?
similar atomic radii,
all have high density
high mp and bp
what special chemical properties do transition metals have?
they can from complex ions
they can form coloured ions
good catalysts
variable oxidation states
what colour is MnO4-
purple
What colour is Cr2O7(2-)
orange
What colour is VO+
yellow
what colour is VO2+
blue
What colour is V3+
green
What colour is Cr3+
green/violet
What colour is Fe3+
Yellow
what colour is V2+
Violet
What colour is Mn2+
pale pink
What colour is Fe2+
pale green
What colour is Co2+
pink
What colour is Ni2+
green
What colour is Cu2+
blue
what is a complex
a complex is a metal ion surrounded by coordinately bonded ligands
what is a ligand
a ligand is an atom, ion or molecule which donates a pair of electrons to a central transition metal ion to form a co-ordinate bond.
what is the co-ordinations number?
the number of ligands or the number of co-ordinate binds
the number of coordinate bonds
why do cl form a tetrahedral when water ligands form a octahedral?
because cl- ligands are larger than water ligands so only 4 cl- ions can fit around the cu2+ metal ion
name 2 bi dentate ligands
ethane-1,2-diamine, ethanedioate(2-)
what is a bidentate ligand
a ligand that has 2 lone pairs of electrons so forms 2 coordinate bonds
what is the other multdentate ligand you need to know called?
EDTA4-
how is iron held in haeoglobin via a complex?
it becomes a complex with an octahedral shape. Ow is a ligand and so is water. another ligand is a globin chain and the haem part has 4 coordinate bonds coming fro m1 individual ligand
